基于核磁共振的中、长跑运动员大负荷训练课30min后尿液代谢组学特征的研究  

~1H NMR-Based Metabonomic Investigation of the Characteristic of Human Urine 30 min after a Heavy Load Training Class on the Middle & Long-distance Race Athletes

作　　者：马海峰[1] 吴瑛[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院,上海200438

出　　处：《体育科学》2015年第7期48-57,共10页China Sport Science

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会资助项目(13490503700)

摘　　要：目的:基于核磁共振(NMR)代谢组学的手段,研究一堂中、长跑运动员大负荷训练课30min后的代谢组学特征。方法:选取14名上海市田径队中、长跑组男运动员为研究对象。训练内容包括:1)专项耐力:8 000 m、休息20 min;2)专项速度耐力:(500 m快跑+100m慢跑)×16次,分为两组(12+4),两组间隔6 min。训练前和训练后30 min采尿样。所有NMR实验均在298K温度下,在带有超低温探头的600 MHz brokerAvance III HD的核磁共振谱仪上进行。采集尿液样品的1 H NMR谱,用MestReNova V8.1.4对所有一维1 H NMR谱进行处理,归一化处理后的数据输入SIMCA-P+12.0软件包中,进行中心化标度化处理,进行主成分分析(PCA),最小二乘法-判别式分析(PLS-DA)和正交最小二乘法-判别式分析(OPLS-DA)。结果:训练前、后尿液样本有明显的区分。对训练前、后尿液样本区分有贡献的代谢物主要有:训练后尿液中乳酸、甘氨酸和N-氧化三甲基胺有明显的上升,肌酐含量下降。去除乳酸和肌酐后,载荷图显示,训练后,丁酸、亮氨酸、异丁酸、乳酸、琥珀酸、次黄嘌呤、2-羟基丁酸、2-羟基正戊酸的含量上升;丙酮酸、谷氨酰胺、柠檬酸、甲酸脂和甘氨酸的含量下降。结论:本次训练课呈现出无氧、有氧以及混氧代谢的特点,符合现代中、长跑运动比赛的特点,达到了本次训练课的目的,训练有较好的效果,但也出现了一些较严重的疲劳症状。丁酸、异丁酸浓度在训练后升高,亮氨酸浓度下降有可能是有氧代谢的潜在标志性代谢物。运动后肌酐浓度下降和TMAO浓度上升,可能是大负荷训练造成疲劳的重要潜在生物标志物。Objective：This paper, basing on the means of nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR）, studied a middle＆long-distance race athletes metabonomics characteristic 30min after a class of heavy load training. Methods： 14 male athletes from Shanghai athletic team were chosen as subjects. The training class included .. A special endurance ; 8 000m; B special speed-endurance （ 500 m faster-i- 100 m slower） ＊ 16. The urine samples were collected before and after 30 rain from training. Aliquots of urine sample were thawed for metabonomic analysis through 1^H NMR spectroscopy. All NMR experiments were carried out at 300K on a Bruker （Karlsruhe, Germany） Avance III 600 MHz spectrometer equipped with an ultra low temperature probe. The FIDs processing was conducted using the software MestReNova Version 8. 1.4 （Mestre- lab Research S. L. ）. The normalized integral values were mean centered for principal compo- nent analysis （PCA）, partial least squares-discrimination analysis （PLS-DA）, and orthogonal projection of latent-structure-discrimination analysis （OPLS-DA） by SIMCA-P ＋ software package （ver. 12. 0, Umetrics AB, Umea, Sweden）. Results; NMR spectra of urine samples were dominated by the numerous signals from lactate, creatinine, N-oxide, The metabolites of concentration rising included, butyrate, leucine, isobutyrate, lactate, succinate, hypoxanthine, 2- hydroxybutyrate, 2-hydroxyisovaleratel The metabolites of concentration declining included pyruvate, glutamine, citrate, formate and glycine. Conclusion ： This class presents the character-istics of anaerobic, aerobic and mixed oxygen metabolism, and conforms to the characteristics of modern middle long-distance race, and achieves the purpose of the training class and gets a effectiveness. The rising of butyrate and isobutyrate after the training may be a key metabolism of aerobic. The declining of creatinine and rising of TMAO may be the key metabolisms of fa- tigue due m heavy load training.

关 键 词：代谢组学 中、长跑 大负荷训练 运动性疲劳 核磁共振 

分 类 号：G804.7[文化科学—运动人体科学]