覆膜滴灌条件下棉花根层土壤盐分时间稳定性研究  

Temporal Stability of Soil Salinity in Root Zone of Cotton under Drip Irrigation with Plastic Mulch

作　　者：邢旭光[1,2] 赵文刚[1,2] 马孝义[1,2] 赵伟[3] 史文娟[4] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [3]汉中市水利水电建筑勘测设计院,汉中723000 [4]西安理工大学水利水电学院,西安710048

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2015年第7期146-153,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51379173;51279167);'十二五'国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2012BAD08B01);水利部公益性行业科研专项资助项目(201301016)

摘　　要：为揭示膜下滴灌棉田主根区土壤盐分的时间变异特性,基于2013—2014年田间实测数据,采用变异系数、平均相对偏差和标准差等方法研究了不同土层土壤盐分的时间稳定性,并进一步确定了可以反映各土层土壤平均含盐量的代表性测点。结果表明,研究区域0-40 cm土层土壤盐分随时间序列的变异性只有少数几个测点属于强变异,其余均属于中等变异;在棉花主根层（40 cm）内,土壤盐分的时间稳定性随土层深度增加呈现先增强后略微减弱趋势,在30 cm土层深度稳定性最强,平均相对偏差浮动范围最小、且其平均标准差最小;反映各土层平均含盐量的代表测点分布较为集中,可选取代表地块对区域土壤含盐量进行估算（决定系数R^2为0.791 2-0.917 1）。棉田主根层土壤盐分时间稳定性研究有利于指导田间灌溉;选取少量且具有代表性的测点可为区域合理布设土壤盐分监测点提供理论依据。To explore the spatial variability of soil salinity at root zone in cotton field under plastic drip irrigation,we conducted field experiments in 2013 and 2014 and employed the coefficient of variation,mean relative deviation and standard deviation to investigate the spatial variability of soil salinity for 0 -5 cm,5 - 10 cm,10 - 15 cm,15 - 20 cm,20 - 30 cm and 30 - 40 cm layers,and further confirmed representative points that well reflected average soil salinity for each layer. Results showed that for 0 -40 cm depth,variation degree of soil salinity of only a few points were strong,and most points were medium. Furthermore,in this main root zone,temporal stability of soil salinity first obviously increased and then slightly decreased with increasing of depth. Its stability was the strongest in 30 cm depth under surface,with the smallest floating range of mean relative deviation and the smallest mean standard deviation. Based on these findings,some representative points could be selected to estimate average soilsalinity for 0 - 5 cm,5 - 10 cm,10 - 15 cm,15 - 20 cm,20 - 30 cm and 30 - 40 cm layers,and the spatial distribution of the selected points was concentrated. Besides,the relationship between the salinity of representative points and that of the whole area showed a good linear correlation,with high accuracy and determination coefficient from 0. 791 2 to 0. 917 1. This research on temporal stability of soil salinity in main root zone can help to guide the field irrigation. And selecting as few representative points as possible can provide a theoretical basis for observation points of soil salinity in this region.

关 键 词：棉花 覆膜滴灌 土壤盐分 时间稳定性 相对偏差 变异系数 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]