代孕协议的可执行性问题:市场、道德与法律  

The Problem of Enforceability of Surrogacy Contracts:Market,Ethics,and Law

作　　者：杨彪[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学法学院 [2]中山大学法学理论与法律实践研究中心

出　　处：《政法论坛》2015年第4期34-47,共14页Tribune of Political Science and Law

摘　　要：自治与管制的矛盾在处理私法中的伦理问题时特别突出。关于代孕现象的立法政策,传统观点认为其与公序良俗相抵触,应加以严格禁止。但基于福利经济学的研究表明,市场机制与人身伦理的关系并非不可调和,在我国现有的约束条件下,代孕合法化的正面效应远大于其负面效应。对道德进路的检讨与反思不意味着否定管制的必要性。采取新的"区分评判"思维来取代旧的"总体评判"思维,可以更好地改进立法效率。从激励均衡的角度看,代孕前的信息披露、代孕中的行为控制和代孕后的承诺执行这三种类型的合同条款应作不同的对待。The conflict between autonomy and regulation is especially prominent in dealing with moral issues of private law. As to the legislative policy of surrogacy,traditional views contend that surrogacy is in contradiction to public order and good social customs,hence it should be strictly prohibited by law. But a study based on welfare economics indicates that market mechanism and personal ethics are not incompatible,and under constraint conditions of present China,the positive effect of surrogacy legalization is far beyond its negative effect. However,review and reflection on ethics access does not means that regulations are unnecessary.Replacing the existing idea of overall judging with a new idea of separate judging can improve legislative efficiency. From viewpoint of incentive equilibrium,three different contract clauses concerning information disclosure before surrogacy,activity control during surrogacy and commitment enforcement after surrogacy should be differentiated in legal validity.

关 键 词：代孕协议 可执行性 道德评判 社会福利 激励均衡 

分 类 号：D923.9[政治法律—民商法学] D922.16[政治法律—法学]