应然与实然之间的距离:未成年人量刑实证研究  

The Distance between Legislation and Judicial Practice:The Empirical Research of Juvenile Penalty Measurement

作　　者：莫然[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东金融学院法律系

出　　处：《政法论坛》2015年第4期140-148,共9页Tribune of Political Science and Law

基　　金：全国教育科学规划课题"未成年人心态不良犯罪及其法律矫治措施研究"(课题批准号:EBA110324);广州市哲学社会科学规划课题"未成年人犯罪心理成因及其法律矫治措施"(课题批准号:11Y49)阶段性成果

摘　　要：《最高人民法院关于审理未成年人刑事案件具体应用法律若干问题的解释》第11条明确规定未成年人刑事案件量刑时应当充分考虑的5个酌定量刑情节:犯罪时的年龄、是否初次犯罪、犯罪后的悔罪表现、个人成长经历和一贯表现。在司法实践中,法院在量刑时如何衡量以上酌定情节,它们对量刑活动能否产生立法者所期待的影响?这个问题颇具研究价值。通过对某市两级法院近3年来未成年人刑事案件判决书共350份为样本,对以上5个酌定量刑情节对判决结果的影响进行回归分析,表明:除了"犯罪年龄"对法官量刑结果有显著影响之外,其他4个情节的影响皆不显著。由此可以认为,未成年人刑事案件量刑活动中应然与实然之间有一定的距离,应当进一步考虑制定各酌定量刑情节等级判断标准以及不同等级对量刑结果的影响程度,在相关配套制度构建方面做出更多的努力。It is on the legislations that in the juvenile justice system,while measuring penalty,the judge has to consider five discretionary circumstances： the age when committing criminal behaviors; whether he is first- time offender; the regression; the growing experience and the consistent performance. How much do they affect the judges？ In order to find the answer,this paper randomly chose 350 verdicts in the courts of G province X city,and used Regression Analysis to analyze all the data. The result shows us that of the five circumstances,only the age has significant effect on verdicts. Based on that,we can conclude that there is distance between the legislations and judicial practices,and what we need to do now,is to rank every circumstances,and make sure each rank has a specific effect on the penalty measurement.

关 键 词：未成年人犯罪 实证研究 酌定量刑情节 回归分析 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学] D922.183[政治法律—法学]