110名婴幼儿认知发育的影响因素  

Influencing factors of cognition development of 110 infants

作　　者：张瑞芳 孙莞绮[2] 王文丽 范果叶 白桦 姜艳蕊[2] 王燕[2] 徐小娟[2] 宋沅瑾 朱绮[2] 章依文[2] 江帆[2] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古妇幼保健院,内蒙古呼和浩特010020 [2]上海交通大学附属上海儿童医学中心上海市环境与儿童健康重点实验室,上海200127

出　　处：《中国妇幼健康研究》2015年第3期399-401,共3页Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research

基　　金：卫生部行业科研专项资助项目(201002006);圣元集团科研基金资助项目;国家自然科学基金资助项目(81172685);上海市科委项目及启明星追踪资助项目(12411950405;13QH1401800);上海市教委曙光计划资助项目(11SG19)

摘　　要：目的：探讨影响2～30个月婴幼儿认知发育的相关因素,为婴幼儿发育的早期促进提供参考依据。方法在内蒙古呼和浩特市随机抽取城乡各一个点作为项目点,共抽取2～30个月龄婴幼儿110人。以问卷形式调查影响婴幼儿认知发育的相关因素,采用Bayley婴幼儿发育量表对婴幼儿进行发育评估。采用相关分析、方差分析、多元线性回归模型等统计方法对数据进行分析。结果智力发育指数均值（MDI）为102.51±15.55,运动发育指数均值（PDI）为98.26±15.18。城市儿童的MDI得分高于农村儿童的MDI得分（t=8.03,P=0.005）；城市与农村儿童的运动发育水平无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。性别、分娩方式、父母受教育程度对婴幼儿智力及运动发育均无显著影响（均P〉0.05）。出生体重与MDI及PDI均有显著的正性相关（r=0.21, P=0.028；r=0.28,P=0.003）。多元线性回归分析提示出生体重是2～30个月婴幼儿MDI及PDI的独立影响因素。结论生长在城市的婴幼儿认知发育较好,出生体重与婴幼儿认知发育有一定正相关。Objective To explore the influencing factors of cognition development of infants aged 2-30 months, so as to provide reference evidence for promoting infants’ early development. Methods A city and a town were randomly selected as project sites in Huhhot, Inner Mongolia. A total of 110 infants aged 2-30 months were selected. The related factors of infants’ cognitive development were investigated with questionnaires, and cognitive development was assessed by using Bayley Development Scale. Correlation analysis, ANOVA and multivariable linear regression analysis were conducted. Results The average mental developmental index （MDI） was 102. 51 ± 15. 55 and the average psychomotor development index （PDI） was 98. 26 ± 15. 18. Urban infants’ MDI scores were higher than rural infants’ MDI scores （t=8. 03, P=0. 005）. There was no significant difference between urban and rural infants’ PDI scores （P〉0. 05）. Gender, delivery mode and parental education level did not affect MDI or PDI （both P〉0. 05）. The birth weight was positively correlated with both MDI and PDI scores （r=0. 21, P=0. 028;r=0. 28, P=0. 003）. Multivariable linear regression analysis confirmed that birth weight was an independent influential factor of MDI and PDI scores of 2-30 month-old infants. Conclusion Infants who are brought up in city have better cognitive development. Birth weight is positively correlated with cognitive development.

关 键 词：认知发育 影响因素 婴幼儿 Bayley婴幼儿发育量表 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]