中国天然气行业2014年发展与2015年展望  

China's natural gas industry performance in 2014 and outlook for 2015

作　　者：王占黎[1] 单蕾[1] 孙慧[1] 艾勇[1] 王芳 

机构地区：[1]中国石油规划总院 [2]中石油煤层气有限责任公司

出　　处：《国际石油经济》2015年第6期37-43,110-111,共7页International Petroleum Economics

摘　　要：2014年,中国天然气新增探明地质储量达到11107.15亿立方米,较上年增长73.6%;天然气产量1283.1亿立方米,同比增长8%;全年共进口天然气607.5亿立方米,同比增加71.7亿立方米;天然气表观消费量(不含煤制气)1830亿立方米,同比增长8.2%;新增天然气长输管道里程约4500千米,重点区域管网和储气库建设稳步推进。2014年,中俄东线天然气购销合同签订打通了东北进口通道;中国LNG进口及进口终端正式向民企开放;天然气价格机制改革存量气和增量气并轨再迈进一步;LNG水运行业政策陆续发布;煤制天然气项目运行不稳定。2015年,中国天然气消费延续低速增长,预计表观消费量接近1900亿立方米,供应量超过2000亿立方米,市场将出现供大于求的局面;天然气长输管线和LNG接收站建设继续发展,油气管网设施进一步开放;天然气价格机制进一步完善,上海石油天然气交易中心正式运行。In 2014 China added 1.110715 trillion cubic meters in proven natural gas reserves, 73.6% more than the previous year. Natural gas production increased by 8% to 128.31 billion cubic meters. Natural gas imports increased by 7.17 billion cubic meters, to 60.75 billion cubic meters. Apparent consumption of natural gas(excluding gasified coal) was 183 billion cubic meters, up about 8.2%. New natural gas trunk pipeline mileage was over 4500 kilometers,with key regional pipeline network and gas storage construction progressing steadily. In 2014 the East Line natural gas purchase and sale contract signed between China and Russia opened China's Northeast import gateway. LNG importing and import terminals were offi cially opened to private enterprises. Reform of the natural gas pricing mechanism advanced a further step with the merge of existing gas volume(the amount consumed in 2012) and incremental gas volume(the amount of gas consumed above the 2012 level), waterborne LNG shipping industry policies were released successively, and progress in coal gasifi cation projects was unsteady. In 2015 growth in China's natural gas consumption is expected to remain slow and reach 190 billion cubic meters, with supply predicted to be more than 200 billion cubic meters, putting the market into oversupply. Long distance natural gas pipeline and LNG terminal construction will continue, and access to oil and gas pipeline network facilities will be further opened. The natural gas pricing mechanism will further improve and a Shanghai oil and gas trading hub will formally commence operation.

关 键 词：中国 天然气 储量 产量 消费量 基础设施 LNG 煤制天然气 政策 

分 类 号：F426.22[经济管理—产业经济]