大气CO_2浓度和气温升高对野生大豆光合作用的影响  

Effect of Elevated CO_2 Concentration and Increased Temperature on the Photosynthesis of Wild Soybean

作　　者：胡晓雪[1] 杜维俊[1] 杨珍平[1] 孙敏[1] 宗毓铮[1] 郝兴宇[1] 李萍[1] 王敏[1] 岳爱琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2015年第7期798-801,853,共5页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金："十二五"国家支持计划项目(2013BAD11B03-8);国家自然科学基金项目(31171508);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-3-1-24);山西省自然科学基金项目(2013011039-3);山西省科技攻关项目(20120311005-3);山西省科技基础条件平台建设项目(2011091004-0103);山西省煤基重点科技攻关项目(FT201402-01);山西农业大学"中青年学术带头人及学术骨干"支持计划资助项目;山西农业大学中青年拔尖创新人才支持计划资助项目

摘　　要：用开顶式气室(Open top chamber,OTC)进行气温升高1℃和气温升高1℃+大气CO2浓度升高200μmol/mol条件下野生大豆叶片光合生理和叶绿素荧光参数的变化研究。结果表明,气温升高使大豆净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率均下降,水分利用效率提高,PS II的最大量子产量(Fv/Fm)下降,PS II的实际量子产量(ΦPSⅡ)和PS II的电子传递速率(ETR)升高,光化学猝灭系数(q P)升高,非光化学猝灭系数(NPQ)下降;CO2浓度升高能逆转由于升温造成的净光合速率下降,增加叶片水分利用效率,但光合速率仍较对照下降,还会使野生大豆叶片光化学猝灭系数(q P)和非光化学猝灭系数(NPQ)下降。未来气温和大气CO2浓度升高条件下,野生大豆更容易受到高温或干旱胁迫,造成气孔导度下降,净光合速率下降。表明未来的气候变化将不利于野生大豆的生长发育。The wild soybean photosynthetic physiology and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were investigated in temperature rising 1 ℃ and temperature rising 1 ℃ with elevated CO2 concentration 200 μmol/mol by Open top chamber（OTC）. The results showed that net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, maximum quantum efficiency（Fv/Fm）, non-photochemical quenching（NPQ）of wild soybean decreased under rising temperature, then water use efficiency（WUS）, the quantum yield of PSⅡ（ΦPSⅡ）, PSII electron transport rate（ETR）, proportion of open PSⅡ reaction centers（q P）increased. Elevated CO2 concentration could reverse the decreased of net photosynthetic rate caused by temperature increased, and increase leaf water use efficiency, but photosynthetic rate was still lower than control condition. Elevated CO2 concentration made the proportion of open PSⅡ reaction centers（q P）and the non-photochemical quenching（NPQ）of wild soybean leaf decreased. Wild soybeans were more susceptible to high temperature and drought stress under future temperatures rising and elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration. Future climate change will not conducive to the growth and development of wild soybean.

关 键 词：气温升高 大气CO2浓度升高 野生大豆 光合作用 叶绿素荧光 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学] S162.5