临夏州高寒湿润区氮磷钾肥配比对冬小麦产量和效益的影响  

Effect of Different Ratios of Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium Application on Yield and Economic Benefit of Winter Wheat in Cold Damp Areas of Linxia Autonomous Prefecture

作　　者：冯进军 周丽萍 

机构地区：[1]临夏州农业技术推广站,甘肃临夏731100

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2015年第7期1016-1021,共6页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：临夏州科技计划项目(2012-N-3-004)

摘　　要：为探索高寒湿润区冬小麦高产和高效的最佳施肥方案,利用甘肃临夏州的"3414"田间试验结果建立了和政县高寒湿润地区的冬小麦肥料效应函数,根据其计算氮磷钾肥最佳配比。结果表明,在高寒湿润区中等土壤肥力条件下,冬小麦产量与氮、磷、钾施用量呈三元二次函数关系。冬小麦最佳经济产量为5 675.93kg·hm-2,氮、磷、钾最佳经济施肥量依次为N 186.84kg·hm-2、P2O589.93kg·hm-2和K2O41.17kg·hm-2,氮、磷、钾最佳经济配比(N∶P2O5∶K2O)为1∶0.48∶0.22。氮、磷、钾肥在合理施用量范围内对冬小麦的增产增效作用表现为氮肥>磷肥>钾肥,氮、磷、钾肥配施的增产效应表现为NPK配合>NP配合>NK配合>PK配合。In order to explore the best solution for high yield and efficiency for winter wheat planted in cold damp areas in Hezheng county of.Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture,fertilizer effect function of winter wheat has been established using the results of＂3414＂field experiments.The ratio of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium could be calculated with the fertilizer effect function.The results showed that the relationship among yield and amount of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium application followed significantly ternary quadratic function under middle soil fertility conditions in cold damp regions.The most economic yield of winter wheat was 5 675.93kg·hm-2.The optimum amount of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer application was 186.84kg·hm-2（N）,89.93kg·hm-2（P2O5）,and 41.17kg·hm-2（K2O）,respectively.The best ratio of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium was 1∶0.48∶0.22（N∶P2O5∶K2O）.Within the reasonable range of fertilizer,the order of effect size for yield and economic outputs of winter wheat was nitrogen（N）〉 phosphorus（P）〉potassium（K）,and the order of synergistic effect size was NPK cooperation〉NP cooperation〉NK cooperation 〉PK cooperation.

关 键 词：高寒湿润区 冬小麦 肥料效应方程 最佳施肥量 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S318