顾及下垫面特征的海坛岛近地面风场模拟  

Near-surface Wind Speed Simulation Considering Characteristics of Terrain: A Case Study of Haitan Island

作　　者：杨城[1] 林广发[1,2,3] 李清远 刘鑫垚[1] 吴雪蓉[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学地理科学学院,福建福州350007 [2]福建省陆地灾害工程技术研究中心,福建福州350007 [3]海西地理国情动态监测与应急保障研究中心,福建福州350007

出　　处：《福建师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第4期31-37,62,共8页Journal of Fujian Normal University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：福建省科技厅产学研重大项目(2012Y4001);福建省测绘地理信息局局校合作项目(2013S17)

摘　　要：近地面风场模拟,目前多直接利用实测风速数据进行插值,其模拟结果不能反映地形特征对近地面风速的影响.综合考虑海拔高度、坡向、坡位等地形特征对风速的影响,提出了提高风场插值精度的方法:利用2013年10月份海坛岛离地2 m高风速实测数据进行反距离加权插值;基于数字高程模型数据,根据风速换算的指数律公式进行海拔高度的风速修订;对起伏地形区域,依据地形划分结果和不同的坡向、坡位条件进行水平方向的风速修订.对比风场修订前后结果,用本方法模拟的风场比直接内插的风场更接近实际风场分布,地形特征导致的风速分异得到了体现.The existing cases in wind field simulation on near-surface mostly used measured data only for interpolation. So, the result failed to reflect the effect of topography on wind field. Focused on this problem, factors of altitude, topography, slop and its position were taken into ac- count and a new method was proposed to improve the accuracy of wind field interpolation. The method can be described with following three steps. The Inverse Distance Weighted （IDW） method was employed to interpolate the wind speed data measured on 2 meters above ground around the Hai- tan Island in October, 2013. The change of wind velocity caused by elevation was amended based on Digital Elevation Model and exponential conversion formula of wind speed. Horizontal wind speed in undulating terrain area was amended on the basis of terrain classification result, different slop locations and aspects. The results before and after revision show that wind field simulation based on the above method was improved, in which the wind speed reflects the effect of topography.

关 键 词：风场模拟 起伏地形 近地面 数字高程模型 空间插值 

分 类 号：P425[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]