^(60)Co-γ射线诱导结缕草性状变异的研究  

A Study on Characteristics of Zoysia japonica Mutations Induced by ^(60)Co-γ Irradiation

作　　者：谢新春[1] 曹荣祥[1] 李丽涛[1] 张巨明[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《草地学报》2015年第3期564-570,共7页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2012B020302002)资助

摘　　要：结缕草是我国重要的草坪草种质资源,但我国十分缺乏结缕草新品种。辐射诱变是草坪草育种的重要手段。研究以兰引3号结缕草(Zoysia japonica‘Lanyin No.3')匍匐茎为试验材料,通过设置^(60)Co-γ射线20,50,80,110和0 Gy(CK)5个剂量对其进行辐射处理,分析各辐射剂量下的成活率,确定适合兰引3号结缕草变异的辐射诱变剂量;通过测定各疑似突变株性状的叶宽、株高、匍匐茎节间直径和节间长度,以及坪用性状密度、盖度、色泽、均一性、绿期、综合质量,确定性状优良突变体。结果表明,兰引3号结缕草成活率随着辐照剂量的增加而显著降低,其适宜辐射诱变剂量约为53 Gy。突变株"80-1"叶宽、株高、匍匐茎节间直径和节间长度都显著低于对照,而密度则显著高于对照;突变株"110-1"越冬能力强,绿期长达315 d,比对照延长了13 d。综合分析,突变株"80-1"和"110-1"产生了良性突变,坪用性状得到改善。Zoysiagrass is one of important turfgrass germplasm resourses in China. Howerver there is an extreme shortage of new zoysiagrass cultivars across the country. The sprigs of Zoysia japonica ＇Lanyin No. 3＇ were treated using the ^60Co-γ irradiation of five doses to determine the optimal mutagenie dose by the analyses of sprig survival rate of each radiation dose. Expected mutant traits including leaf width, plant height, stolon internode length and diameter as well as turf qualities, such as density, coverage, colour, uniformity, green period, and overall quality rates of zoysiagrass ＇Lanyin No. 3＇ decreased with were measured. The results indicated that the survival the increase of irradiation dose, the suitable irradiation dose was 53 Gy. The leaf breadth, plant height, stolon internode length and diameter of mutant ＂80-1＂ were significantly lower than that of control, while turf density was significantly higher than that of control; Mutant ＂110-1＂ had strong overwintering ability with up to 315 days of green period, 13 days longer than the control. Comprehensive analyses indicated that the turf qualities of mutants ＂80-1＂ and ＂110-1＂ were improved and both mutants had better characteristics.

关 键 词：兰引3号结缕草 ^60Co-γ射线 突变体 

分 类 号：S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]