北部湾斑鳍白姑鱼群体结构特征与时空分布  

Population Structure and Spatio-temporal Distribution of Pennahia pawak in the Beibu Gulf, South China Sea

作　　者：何雄波 陶雅晋 侯刚[1,2] 卢伙胜[1,2] 颜云榕[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学水产学院,广东湛江524088 [2]广东海洋大学南海渔业资源监测与评估中心,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《广东海洋大学学报》2015年第3期35-42,共8页Journal of Guangdong Ocean University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41376158);广东海洋大学创新强校工程项目(GDOU2013050212)

摘　　要：2010-2011年在北部湾以底拖网方式按季节定点采样,采集到斑鳍白姑鱼（Pennahia pawak）样本共2 425尾,通过生物学测定及耳石年轮鉴定,研究北部湾斑鳍白姑鱼种群结构及时空分布特征。结果显示：样品体长65-203 mm,体质量5.2-224.0 g,优势体长组为81-130 mm（占84%）,优势体质量组为10.1-50.0 g（占83%）,平均体长为107 mm,平均体质量为32.5 g;年龄组成主要是0-2龄,大部分1龄以下,未发现3龄及以上样品;1龄样品平均体长153 mm,2龄样品平均体长180 mm。北部湾斑鳍白姑鱼的繁殖期为春季,其渔业资源主要分布在108°-110°E,19°-22°N的湾内海域,资源密度有明显的季节性波动,出现频率、资源密度范围、平均资源密度春季最小,分别为28%、1.59-18.78 kg/km^2、1.6 kg/km^2,夏季、秋季逐渐递增,冬季最大,分别为56%、5.24-74.80 kg/km^2、19.0 kg/km^2。A total of 2 425 pawak croaker, Pennahia pawak were collected seasonally by bottom trawl at the predetermined stations of the Beibu Gulf from August 2010 to May 2011. The biological measurement and identification of the annual rings of otolith were carried out to study the population structure and spatio-temporal distribution of P. pawak. The results showed that the standard length（SL） and bodyweight（BW） of P. pawak ranged from 65 mm to 203 mm, and from 5.2 g to 244.0 g respectively, while the dominant SL and BW were between 81 mm and 130 mm（accounting for 84% of the total） and 10.1 g to 50.0 g（accounting for 83% of the total）. The average SL and average BW of the samples were 107 mm and 32.5 g, respectively. The ages of P. pawak mainly between 0 ~ 2＋ years and most of otoliths were less than age 1, while those age 3 or more were not found. The average SLs of age 1 and 2 were 153 mm and 180 mm, respectively. It could be deduced that the reproductive period of the P. pawak was spring and its fishery resources mainly distributed from 108° to 110° E, and 19° to 22° N in the Beibu Gulf. The density of P. pawak vary according to the different seasons. The frequency（28%）, range of density（1.59- 18.78 kg/km^2） and the average density（1.6 kg/km^2） were minimum in spring but increased in the following seasons. The frequency（56%）, range of resource density（5.24- 74.80 kg/km^2） and the average density（19.0 kg/km^2） were maximum in winter.

关 键 词：斑鳍白姑鱼 种群结构 渔业资源 北部湾 

分 类 号：A932.4[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学] Q959.483[生物学—动物学]