道路交通外部成本评估研究综述  

A Review of Evaluation of External Costs in Road Transport

作　　者：蔡铭[1] 周展鸿 

机构地区：[1]中山大学工学院∥广东省智能交通系统重点实验室,广东广州510006

出　　处：《中山大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第4期1-7,共7页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51178476);广东省交通运输厅科技计划资助项目(科技-2014-03-003)

摘　　要：道路交通外部成本是评价道路交通活动对旁观者的影响的重要指标,对评估道路交通基础设施与交通政策的综合价值有着显著的意义。通过对道路交通外部成本评估的前沿文献进行回顾,系统地总结了道路交通的交通拥堵、交通事故、空气污染、噪声污染和温室效应5种典型外部成本的评估方法,并详细分析和对比了各外部成本的不同评估方法的优缺点与其适用情况。最后,讨论了开展道路交通外部成本评估的重点和难点,并将此结合上述研究在我国的研究现状和基础,提出了关于开展我国城市道路交通外部成本评估研究的建议,为在我国开展此类研究提供一定的参考。External costs in road transport are important indicators that evaluate the impacts on bystanders brought by road transport activities. They play significant roles in assessing comprehensive value of road transport infrastructures and policies. By reviewing the advanced literature of evaluation of external costs in road transport,the evaluation methods of external congestion cost,external accident cost,air pollution cost,noise cost and global warming cost in road transport are summarized systematically. Then,the advantages,disadvantages and applicability of different evaluation methods of each external cost are analyzed in detail. At last,the emphases and difficulties of conducting evaluation of exteranl costs in road transport are discussed and some suggestions about carring out evaluation study of external costs in road transport in Chinese urban area are offered. In these suggestions,the actuality of evaluation research of external costs in road transport in China is taken into account.

关 键 词：交通工程 外部成本评估方法 研究综述 道路交通 外部性 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]