公立养老机构痴呆老人照顾费用及其影响因素研究  

The level and influencing factors of cost of care in dementia patients living in public elderly homes

作　　者：李小卫[1] 王志稳[2] 邓永萍 谢红[2] 肖露 李颖堃 

机构地区：[1]北京大学第三医院护理部,100191 [2]北京大学护理学院 [3]广州市老人院 [4]北京市老年病医院

出　　处：《中国护理管理》2015年第7期782-785,共4页Chinese Nursing Management

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(13YJCZH190)

摘　　要：目的 ：调查公立养老机构痴呆老人的照顾费用及其构成情况,并分析其影响因素,为合理分配社会资源,探索痴呆老人最佳的照顾管理模式提供依据。方法 ：从北京市和广州市2家公立养老机构选取103例痴呆老人作为研究对象,调查其照顾费用情况,并采用多元线性回归分析照顾费用的影响因素。结果 ：公立养老机构痴呆老人每月平均照顾费用为1672-8634（3974.6±1782.9）元,约47 695元/年,其中直接医疗费用占59.10%,直接非医疗费用占37.84%,间接费用占3.05%。文化程度越高、日常生活能力越差的痴呆老人照顾费用越高;轻度痴呆老人照顾费用高于中、重度痴呆老人。结论 ：养老机构痴呆老人照顾费用给家庭和社会带来一定经济负担;老人的文化程度、日常生活能力和痴呆程度对照顾费用有一定影响。建议通过合理配置资源,在确保痴呆老人获得优质照护服务的同时,降低总体的照顾费用。Objective： To investigate the level, distribution and influencing factors of cost of care in dementia patients living in public elderly homes, and provide references for reasonable distribution of social resources and exploring the best care management mode for dementia patients. Methods： Totally 103 dementia patients were recruited from two public elderly homes in Beijing and Guangzhou. The cost was estimated through questionnaires and the influencing factors were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. Results： The average cost of dementia patients in public elderly homes was（3974.6±1782.9） RMB per month, nearly 47 695 RMB per year. The direct medical cost and direct non-medical cost accounted for 59.10% and 37.84%, respectively, while the indirect cost accounted for 3.05%. Regression analysis showed that educational level, ability of daily living and severity of dementia were influencing factors of cost. Conclusion： The cost of care in dementia patients living in elderly homes is relatively high, which brings economic burden to the family and society. The cost is higher in patients with higher educational level, poorer ability of daily living and mild dementia patients. It is suggested to make better resources relocation to ensure high-quality care and reduce the cost of dementia patients.

关 键 词：痴呆 养老机构 老年人 照顾费用 

分 类 号：R256.12[医药卫生—中医内科学] R47[医药卫生—中医学]