内生放线菌A-1诱导苹果对炭疽叶枯病的抗性  

Induction of Resistance Against Glomerella cingulata in Apple by Endophytic Actinomycetes Strain A-1

作　　者：朱学明[1] 史祥鹏 雍道敬 张颖[1] 李保华[1] 梁文星[1] 王彩霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学农学与植物保护学院山东省植物病虫害综合防控重点实验室,山东青岛266109 [2]青岛中达农业科技有限公司,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《植物生理学报》2015年第6期949-954,共6页Plant Physiology Journal

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-28);山东省科技攻关计划(2010GNC10918);山东省"泰山学者"建设工程专项经费;山东省普通本科高校应用型人才培养专业发展支持计划

摘　　要：以感病苹果品种‘嘎啦’为材料,采用喷雾接种方法,研究内生放线菌A-1诱导苹果对炭疽叶枯病的抗性,结果表明菌株A-1预处理后再接种病菌0101,叶片病斑数和病情指数均显著降低,防效达70.42%。对叶片中丙二醛(MDA)含量和防御相关酶活性动态变化进行测定,结果显示,接种病菌0101的处理,MDA含量快速上升,最大增幅为202.90%,而喷施菌株A-1的处理,MDA含量变化较小,最高增幅仅为23.74%;同时,菌株A-1显著提高了叶片中氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)和苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)的活性,且上述酶活性均高于接种病菌0101的处理。这表明菌株A-1通过提高‘嘎啦’苹果叶片中防御酶活性来减少活性氧的积累,降低膜脂过氧化产物MDA的形成,从而诱导寄主对炭疽叶枯病的抗性。In this study, susceptible apple（Malus domestica） cultivar ‘Gala＇ was used to investigate the induced resistance against Glomerella cingulata by endophytic actinomycetes strain A-1 with spraying inoculation method. After actinomycetes strain A-1 treatment and inoculation with G. cingulata, disease index, malondiadehyde（MDA） content and activities of defense-related enzymes in leaves were determined. The results s howed that actinomycetes strain A-1 significantly reduced the necrotic lesion amounts on leaves and disease index compared with the treatm ent inoculated with G. cingulata, and the control efficiency of actinomycete s strain A-1 treatment was up to 70.42%. MDA content increas ed quickly and the strongest increase rate was 202.90% in leaves inoculated with G. cingulata. However, the MDA content increased only 23.74% in leaves treated by strain A-1 before inoculation with pathogen. In addition, the activities of defensive enzymes such as peroxidase（POD）, catalase（CAT）, superoxide dismutase（SOD）, polyphenol oxidase（PPO） and phenylalanine ammonia lyase（PAL） were significantly increased in actinomycetes strain A-1 treated leaves, which were all higher than those in the leaves inoculated with G. cingulata. The results suggested that strain A-1 induced ‘Gala＇ resistance against G. cingulata infection via increasing the activities of defense-related enzymes to reduce the accumulation of reactive oxygen species（ROS） and the production of MDA.

关 键 词：放线菌A-1 苹果 炭疽叶枯病菌 诱导抗性 丙二醛 防御酶 

分 类 号：S436.611.12[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]