盐度胁迫对遮目鱼幼鱼存活、生长及性状相关性的影响  

Effects of salinity stress on the survival, growth and correlation of characters of juveniles of Chanos chanos

作　　者：林先智 区又君[1] 李加儿[1] 温久福[1] 王鹏飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,农业部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,广东广州510300 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2015年第4期675-686,共12页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：广东省海洋渔业科技推广专项项目(A201200E02)

摘　　要：设置盐度梯度为0、10、20、27(自然海水)、35,共5个实验组,每组3个平行。遮目鱼(Chanos chanos)幼鱼不经过过渡直接放入各梯度盐度中,养殖30 d后统计存活率,测量每尾鱼的体质量及各表型形态性状,以体质量为因变量(y),各形态性状为自变量(x)进行通径分析和决定系数分析。结果表明,盐度0组的幼鱼存活率最低(73.33%),增重率(573.94±231.58)%和特定生长率(6.23±1.16)%最高,与其他组差异极显著(P<0.01)。除盐度0组外,其他各组幼鱼的存活率均在90%以上,且幼鱼特定生长率和增重率在各组之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。相关分析表明,幼鱼的各形态性状与其体重之间呈极显著的相关关系(P<0.01)。通径分析表明,遮目鱼幼鱼的体长、全长和体高对体重的影响最大,且在不同盐度胁迫下对幼鱼体重的决定作用不同,其他性状对体重的影响较小。建立了盐度胁迫下形态性状对体重影响的最优回归方程。The growth and development of teleost were more or less directly affected by the environmental factors. Salinity is one of the important ecological factors. The influence of salinity on the survival and growth of marine fish has been demon-strated in many studies. However, distinct results were displayed due to the different abilities of tolerance to salinity among fish species. The milkfish （Chanos chanos）, which has a nice marine habitat and an efficient osmoregulation, is widely dis-tributed throughout tropical and subtropical Indo-Pacific. This species occurs naturally and is commercially cultured in fresh, brackish, and oceanic waters as well as in hypersaline lagoons. In the present study, the influences of salinity stress on the survival and growth of milkfish juveniles were assessed and the effects of morphometric attributes on body weight were also evaluated. Juveniles of milkfish [mean weight and total length： （0.215±0.083） g; （2.850±0.356） cm, respectively] were reared at salinities of 0 （fresh water）, 10, 20, 27 （sea water） and 35 without acclimation, in triplicate, for 30 d cultivation. The survival rate was recorded and the body weight and morphometric attributes of each individual were measured. Results showed, the lowest survival rate was founded at salinity 0 group （73.33%） when compared with other groups （〉90%）. The juvenile stage is a special stage during the life history of fish, the juvenile developed not as well as the adults, and cannot adapt to the short-term drastic changes of external osmolality, which may be one of the reasons of the high mortality rate at salinity 0 group. On the other hand, however, the highest rates of weight gain rate （573.94±231.58）% and specific-growth rate （6.23±1.16）% were obtained at salinity 0 group （P〈0.01）. Meanwhile, there was no significantly difference among other groups （P〉0.05）. The higher weight gain rate and specific-growth rate were also found in the intermediary groups with salin-ity 20 and 27.

关 键 词：遮目鱼 盐度 胁迫 生长 性状相关 

分 类 号：S96[农业科学—水产养殖]