京津冀地区一次严重霾天气过程及其影响因素分析  

Analysis of a serious haze process and its impact factors in Jing-jin-ji region

作　　者：刘丽伟[1] 李文才[2] 尚可政[1] 王式功[1] 褚金花[1] 付洁[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学大气科学学院甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室 [2]中国人民解放军92493部6分队

出　　处：《气象与环境学报》2015年第3期35-42,共8页Journal of Meteorology and Environment

基　　金：公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201106034);国家自然科学基金青年基金(41105109);兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项(lzujbky-2013-m03);中国科协IRDR CHINA灾害风险综合研究项目(IRDR2012-I01)共同资助

摘　　要：利用大气污染监测资料、常规气象观测资料及NCEP再分析资料,对2013年1月9—17日京津冀地区一次严重霾天气过程的特征及其与气象条件的关系进行分析。结果表明:此次霾天气过程京津冀地区6个城市(北京、天津、石家庄、保定、邯郸、唐山)的PM10、SO2和NO2污染物日平均浓度均较高,变化趋势基本相同,其中PM10日平均浓度的变化幅度最大,峰值出现在11—13日之间;石家庄、保定和邯郸市的污染最严重,PM10日平均浓度最大值分别为0.94 mg·m-3、0.95 mg·m-3和0.82 mg·m-3。SO2和NO2日平均浓度的变化幅度较小,但浓度值均较大,基本为0.10 mg·m-3以上。影响此次霾天气过程的大范围环流形势为纬向型,存在较强的逆温层,弱下沉运动使近地层大气处于静稳状态,不利于污染物扩散,而近地面较小的风速和低层相对湿度小于90%为霾的形成提供了有利条件。另外,后向轨迹分析表明,此次污染过程京津冀地区的气团主要来自新疆地区,路径主要是从西北气流转为西南气流,携带南方的湿空气和污染物向京津冀地区输送。Using the atmospheric pollution monitoring data,the conventional meteorological observation data and the NCEP reanalysis data,a serious haze process on January 9-17,2013 and its relationship with meteorological conditions were analyzed.The results indicate that mean daily concentrations of PM10 ,SO2 and NO2 are higher in six cities （Beijing,Tianjin,Shijiazhuang,Baoding,Handan and Tangshan）during this process,and their variation trends are similar.The variation amplitude of mean daily PM10 concentration is the largest among three pollutants and peak value occurs on January 1 1 to 13.The most serious pollution occurs in Shijiazhuang,Baoding and Han-dan,and their mean daily PM10 concentrations are 0.94 mg·m-3 ,0.95 mg·m-3 and 0.82 mg·m-3 respectively. The variation ranges of daily concentrations of SO2 and NO2 are smaller,but their values are almost above 0.1 mg·m-3 .The main circulation influencing this process is the zonal circulation,and there is a strong inversion layer.Weak downward action makes atmosphere near the surface stable,which is not favorable to pollutant diffu-sion,while low wind speed near the surface and relative humidity less than 90%in low level are favorable to for-mation of haze.In addition,a back trajectory analysis suggests that air mass of this process comes from Xinjiang region.Airflow is mainly from northwest to southwest and transports wet air and pollutants to Jing-jin-ji region.

关 键 词：霾 环流形势 逆温 相对湿度 垂直运动 

分 类 号：P427.122[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]