大连“11.28”翻船事故风浪分析  

Analysis of wind wave for "11.28" shipwreck accident in Dalian

作　　者：李燕[1] 黄振[1] 刘晓初[1] 赵繁盛[1] 刘大刚[2] 

机构地区：[1]大连市气象局,辽宁大连116001 [2]大连海事大学,辽宁大连116026

出　　处：《气象与环境学报》2015年第3期89-97,共9页Journal of Meteorology and Environment

基　　金：大连市科技计划项目(2013E15SF132);中国气象局业务项目(320100S011C00)共同资助

摘　　要：利用自动气象站资料、常规气象观测资料、NCEP全球再分析资料及WAVEWATCH III模式预报资等料对2012年11月28日大连翻船事故的大风大浪实况、事故成因及演变情况进行分析。结果表明:大连此次翻船事故高空的强冷空气促使冷涡加强,西部大陆高压和蒙古气旋不断加强东移,东南部海上高压稳定少动,蒙古气旋底前部与海上高压顶后部梯度加大,梯度密集区正好位于渤海海峡,造成黄海和渤海偏西大风;低层辐散和中层辐合的垂直结构加强了低层以下的上下扰动,构成南北垂直环流,中层以下动力强迫下沉气流将北侧中层的动量下传至辽东半岛南部地面及黄海、渤海海面,使其不断获得动能,有利于偏西大风的加强;西南向岸大风有利于浪高增长,偏西大风及与其同时增长的大浪是大连地区此次翻船事故的主要原因。Based on the meteorological data from weather stations and the NCEP reanalysis data as well as predic-tion data from a WAVEWATCH III model,strong wind and wave,forming reason and evolution of a shipwreck accident on November 28,2012 in Dalian were analyzed.The results show that upper-level strong cold air makes cold vortex strengthened,and western continental high pressure and Mongolian cyclone become strong and move eastward.High pressure over the sea surface in the southeast stagnates.It increases for pressure gradient in the front bottom of Mongolian cyclone and the rear top of high pressure over the sea.The intensive region of pressure gradi-ent is located in the Bohai strait,which leads to strong westerly wind over the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea.Low-level divergence and mid-level convergence promote the vertical disturbance below the low-level and forms N-S vertical circulation.Downward flow below the mid-level forces mid-level momentum in the north side to surface in the south of Liaodong Peninsula and sea surface of the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea.This pattern strengthens westerly wind.Southwestward onshore wind contributes to the increase of wave height.Strong westerly wind and simultaneous increased wave height lead to the shipwreck accident.

关 键 词：近海 风浪 翻船事故 海上灾害 

分 类 号：P731.33[天文地球—海洋科学]