2013年山东省地方性氟中毒重点调查结果分析  

An epidemiologicai investigation of endemic fluorosis in Shandong Province in 2013

作　　者：翟丽屏[1] 王学松[1] 高红旭[1] 李磊[1] 卢晓地[1] 李亨祥[1] 陈培忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省地方病防治研究所特检科,济南250014

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2015年第7期508-510,共3页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：山东省医药卫生科技发展计划资助项目（2013WS0175）

摘　　要：目的了解山东省地方性氟中毒重病区饮水氟含量与人群病情现状，为制订防治策略提供依据。方法2013年9—11月，根据2005—2007年山东省水氟筛查结果，选择地方性氟中毒重病区菏泽市的牡丹区、济宁市的嘉祥县、德州市的武城县、青岛市的平度市和滨州市的博兴县共5个县（市、区）为调查地，在各县（市、区）抽查3或4个中、重病区村，调查居民户饮水含氟量、8—12岁儿童氟斑牙患病情况及尿氟含量。水氟、尿氟含量检测采用离子选择电极法（GB5750．2006，WS／T89—1996），8～12岁儿童氟斑牙诊断参照Dean法（WS／T208．2011）。结果5个县（市、区）共调查16个村58户居民饮用水水样，武城、牡丹、平度、博兴、嘉祥水氟均值分别为4．14、3．84、1．83、1．33、0．43mg／L；除嘉祥外，其余4个县均超过饮用水标准[（1．20mg,／L，《地方性氟中毒病区控制标准》（GB17017—2010）]；武城与牡丹县超标严重，所查水样全部超标。检测8～12岁儿童尿样320份，武城、牡丹、博兴、平度、嘉祥5个县（市、区）尿氟几何均值分别为4．51、4．62、1．82、1．30、1．01mg／L；5个县（市、区）的574名儿童进行氟斑牙检查，氟斑牙总检出率为61．85％（355／574），缺损率为12．89％（74／574），氟斑牙指数为1．27；武城、牡丹、博兴、平度、嘉祥5个县（市、区）氟斑牙检出率分别为90．18％（101／112）、97．73％（86／88）、62．22％（84／135）、54．90％（28／51）、29．79％（56／188）。结论山东省地方性氟中毒重病区水氟超标较严重，人群尿氟仍维持在较高水平，儿童氟斑牙检出率偏高，氟中毒病情尚未完全控制，防治形势严峻。。Objective To investigate the fluoride content in drinking water as well as the current status of endemic fluorosis in 5 counties of Shandong Province, in order to provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control strategies. Methods According to the survey data of fluoride content in drinking water in Shandong Province between 2005 to 2007, an epidemiological investigation was carried out in Mudan, Jiaxiang, Wucheng, Pingdu and Boxing Counties from September to November 2013. The fluoride content in drinking water and urine and dental fluorosis of children aged 8 to 12 were investigated in 3 - 4 major survey villages selected in the five counties. The fluoride content in drinking water was detected by fluoride ion selective electrode method, and dental fluorosis was diagnosed by Deans method. Results Fifty-eight drinking water samples were investigated in 16 villages of the five counties. Water fluorine content in Wucheng, Mudan, Pingdu, Boxing and Jiaxiang counties was 4.14, 3.84, 1.83, 1.33 and 0.43 rag/L, respectively. There were 4 counties＂ fluorine content exceeding the national standard （1.20 rag/L） except Jiaxiang County. The exceeding rate was 100% in Wucheng and Mudan counties. Urine fluorine content of 320 children aged 8 to 12 in Wucheng, Mudan, Boxing, Pingdu and Jiaxiang counties was 4.51, 4.62, 1.82, 1.30, 1.01 mg/L respectively; the total detection rate of dental fluorosis of 574 children was 61.85% （355/574）, the rate of dental damage was 12.89% （74/574）, and dental fluorosis index was 1.27; the detection rate of dental fluorosis in Wucheng, Mudan, Boxing, Pingdu and Jiaxiang Counties was 90.18% （101/112）, 97.73% （86/88）, 62.22% （84/135）, 54.90% （28/51） and 29.79% （56/188）, respectively. Conclusions The exceeding rate of water fluorine content is very high in 5 counties of severe endemic fluorosis areas in Shandong Province. The urinary fluorine level of the population is still high and the prevalence of dental fluorosis of children is high. Endemic flu

关 键 词：氟化物 饮水 氟中毒 牙 尿 

分 类 号：R599.1[医药卫生—内科学]