通勤距离、通勤时间及其与职住平衡的关系研究  

Study of Relations between Commuting Distance,Commuting Time,and the Jobs-Housing Balance

作　　者：姜军[1,2,3] 段进[1] 陈沧杰[2,3] 曹国华[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学建筑学院 [2]江苏省城市交通规划研究中心 [3]江苏省城市规划设计研究院

出　　处：《现代城市研究》2015年第7期119-123,共5页Modern Urban Research

摘　　要：利用居民出行调查采集的职住关系数据和通勤行为数据,以交通中区为单位,分析了通勤距离、通勤时间的统计特征以及两者的函数关系;并研究了就业居住偏离度指数、内部通勤比例两个反映职住关系的指标对通勤距离、通勤时间的影响。研究发现,通勤时间更加适合用来表示通勤成本,通勤时间与通勤距离之间为幂函数关系。大规模集中的居住导致的职住不平衡状态将会造成通勤距离、通勤时间的迅速增加;而大规模集中的就业造成的影响较小。本文研究可以为调整职住平衡关系、加强就业地与居住地之间交通联系等措施的制定,以有效缩短通勤时间和通勤距离、缓解城市交通压力和提高通勤效率提供一定的理论基础。This paper analyzes the statistic features of commuting distance and commuting time, as well as the function relations between commuting distance and commuting time, and studies the influence of jobs-housing deviation index and the percentage of internal commuting, which reflect the jobs-housing balance, upon the commuting distance and commuting time, based on the data collected by the residents travel survey and taking the medium-sized groups as the unit. This study finds out that the commuting time is suitable to represent the commuting cost. The relation between commuting time and commuting distance can be presented by power functions. Massive and focused residence can cause jobs-housing imbalance, which would increase commuting distance and commuting time at a rapid pace, while massive and focused working exerts mild impact upon the two factors. The research of this paper could provide theoretical basis for measures, such as optimize the jobs-housing balance relationship and strengthen transport links between employment and residence, so as to shorterncommuting distance and commuting time, ease the urban traffic pressure, and improve the commute efficiency.

关 键 词：通勤距离 通勤时间 就业居住偏离度指数 内部通勤比例 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]