枇杷果实成熟过程中果肉细胞质体的发育与果肉颜色的变化  

The plastid development and the changes of flesh color during fruit ripening of loguat

作　　者：郑婷婷[1] 魏伟淋 何业华[1] 杨向晖[1] 林顺权[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学园艺学院,广州510642

出　　处：《果树学报》2015年第4期641-645,F0003,共6页Journal of Fruit Science

摘　　要：【目的】探索枇杷在果实成熟过程中其果肉细胞质体的发育与果肉颜色变化的关系。【方法】以不同颜色的枇杷品种‘黄金块’(橙红)、‘解放钟’(黄色)、‘白玉’(白色)不同发育阶段的果肉为试材,应用光学和电子显微镜观察果肉细胞质体的大小,颜色和超微结构。【结果】通过光学显微镜观察,在果实成熟过程中发现‘黄金块’、‘解放钟’果肉细胞中的质体由叶绿体转变为有色体,而‘白玉’的果肉中没有形成相应的有色体。此外,在对质体的超微结构进行观察时,发现在果实成熟过程中‘黄金块’、‘解放钟’果肉细胞质体中的质体小球逐渐发育,到成熟期有大量的质体小球出现;而‘白玉’果肉细胞质体在成熟过程中没有大量的质体小球出现。【结论】‘黄金块’、‘解放钟’、‘白玉’果肉的不同颜色可能与有色体的形成有关,而质体小球的发育影响有色体的的形成,最终表现为果肉颜色上的差异。【Objective】To illustrate the relationship between the plastid development and the flesh colorduring fruit ripening.【Methods】The flesh at different fruit developmental stages from three loquat culti-vars with distinct flesh color（‘Huangjinkuai＇,HJK,salmon flesh;‘Jiefangzhong＇,JFZ,yellow flesh;‘Baiyu＇,BY,white flesh） were used as experimental materials,and the size,color and ultrastructure ofplastid of flesh cell were investigated by light and electron microscope.【Results】At different fruit develop-mental stages,the transformation of chromoplast from chloroplast in the flesh cell of HJK and JFZ was ob-served under a light microscope,however,a similar transformation was not found in BY. Moreover,theultrastructure of plastid showed that the plastoglobulus developed gradually in HJK and JFZ with the fruitmaturing,and plenty of plastoglobulus were observed when the fruits were ripe. In contrast,only a fewplastoglobulus formed in BY.【Conclusion】These results suggested that the formation of chromoplast in lo-quat with different color is different,whereas the development of plastoglobulus will affect the formationof chromoplast. These differences eventually result in different color of fruit flesh.

关 键 词：枇杷 果肉细胞 质体 超微结构 质体小球 

分 类 号：S667.3[农业科学—果树学]