油茶幼林不同液态肥施用方式对土壤理化性质影响的研究  

Research on the impact of physicochemical properties of soil by different fertilization methods of liquid fertilizer in young forest of Camellia oleifera

作　　者：左继林[1] 占志勇[1] 周文才[1] 黄建建[1] 龚春[1] 王玉娟[1] 蓝萍 

机构地区：[1]江西省林业科学院,江西南昌330013 [2]赣州市宝葫芦农庄油茶开发有限公司,江西赣州341111

出　　处：《南方林业科学》2015年第2期24-27,共4页South China Forestry Science

基　　金：江西省科技厅星火项目"油茶高效种植技术集成示范及产业化建设"(20123BBF61134)

摘　　要：开展幼林油茶不同液态施肥方式下的土壤理化性质研究。初步结果表明:1采用淋灌+100%施肥量和滴灌+60%施肥量的施肥方式均能有效提高油茶幼林林地土壤的p H值,且淋灌+100%施肥量效果显著;两种处理方式下林地表层土壤的p H值分别比滴灌不施肥高0.57和0.16;而深层土壤p H值分别比滴灌不施肥高0.41和0.39。2滴灌+60%施肥量能显著改善油茶林地的土壤含水量,且林地表层、深层土壤含水量较滴灌不施肥表层、深层土壤的含水量分别提高1.10%和1.18%。3淋灌+100%施肥量和滴灌+60%施肥量的施肥方式均能显著降低林地土壤容重和全N、全P含量,且滴灌+60%施肥量的效果优于淋灌+100%施肥量;两种措施的表层土壤容重较滴灌不施肥方式分别降低0.03 g/cm3和0.04 g/cm3;而深层土壤容重则分别降低0.04 g/cm3和0.06 g/cm3。4滴灌+60%施肥量能显著提高油茶幼林地土壤孔隙度与速效N、速效P和速效K,表层和深层土壤孔隙度则分别提高4.31%和5.00%,深层土壤中速效N、速效P和速效K增幅分别达到42.8%、88.9%和19.7%。水肥一体化的施肥方式能显著改善油茶幼林林地土壤的理化性质。Research on the impact of physicochemical properties of soil by different fertilization methods of liquid fertilizer in young forest of Camellia oleifera was carried out, preliminary results showed as follows： ①two fertilization methods, leaching irrigation＋100%fertilizing amount and drip irrigation＋60%fertilizing amount, both of which could effectively raise the pH value of C. oleifera forestland soil and the effect was obvious for the former. The pH value of forestland soil in surface with both two treatments was 0.57 and 0.16 higher than that under the method of drip irrigation ＋ no fertilizer; and pH value of deep soil was 0.41 and 0.39 higher likewise. ② drip irrigation ＋ 60% fertilizing amount significantly improved soil moisture and the water content of soil in surface and deep layer increased by 1.10% and 1.18% compared to the method of drip irrigation ＋ no fertilizer. ③ leaching irrigation ＋ 100% fertilizing amount and drip irrigation ＋ 60% fertilizing amount significantly reduced soil bulk density and total N, P content in the forestland and the effect was obvious for the latter. The soil bulk density of the surface layer under the two measures decreased by 0.03 g/cm3 and 0.04 g/cm3, respectively, compared to the method of drip irrigation ＋ no fertilizer, while soil bulk density of the deep layer decreased by 0.04 g/cm 3 and 0.06 g/cm3. ④ Under the method of drip irrigation ＋ 60% fertilizing amount, soil porosity, available N, available P and available K of the forest land were significantly improved on the young forest of C. oleifera, in addition, soil porosity of surface and deep layer were increased by 4.31% and 5.00%, respectively, and available N, available P and available K in deep soil layer increased by 42.8%, 88.9% and 19.7%, respectively. In conclusion, the pattern of integration of water and fertilizer can significantly improve physicochemical properties of soil in young forest of C. oleifera.

关 键 词：油茶幼林 液态肥 施肥方式 土壤理化性质 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]