积雪漂移风洞试验与数值模拟研究中输入风速的估算  

Evaluation of input wind speed used in wind tunnel test and numerical simulation to estimate drifting snow profile

作　　者：莫华美[1] 范峰[1,2] 洪汉平[3] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学土木工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150090 [2]哈尔滨工业大学结构工程灾变与控制教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150090 [3]西安大略大学土木与环境工程系

出　　处：《建筑结构学报》2015年第7期75-80,90,共7页Journal of Building Structures

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51478147)

摘　　要：风洞试验与数值模拟是研究积雪漂移的两种主要方法,输入风速则是其中一项重要参数,其取值大小对积雪漂移量计算至关重要。为研究该输入风速的估算方法,采用黑龙江省各气象台站1981—2010年间的年最大积雪深度及其发生日的当日最大风速(伴随风速),以及部分台站的年最大风速资料,对年最大积雪深度与年最大风速最可能发生的月份进行了统计,并考察了年最大积雪深度与其伴随风速之间的相关性。以此为基础,提出可采用伴随风速的均值作为积雪漂移研究中的输入风速,并据此对黑龙江省各地区的输入风速进行了估算,估算结果表明,输入风速大约仅为当年最大风速的0.45倍。当不能获取当地风速数据时,建议可采用当地基本风速的0.45倍作为积雪漂移风洞试验与数值模拟中的输入风速。Wind tunnel test and numerical modeling technique are often used to estimate the drifting snow profile. One of the basic parameters needed for the estimation is the input wind speed. The selection of this wind speed is of importance since it affects the estimated drifting snow profile significantly. In this study, annual maximum snow depth and the daily maximum wind speed on its occurrence （ companion wind speed） between 1981 and 2010 from all the meteorological stations in Heilongjiang province, as well as annual maximum wind speed for part of the stations, were used to evaluate the possible input wind speed. For this purpose, statistical analysis of the probable month of occurrence for annual maximum snow depth and for annual maximum wind speed were first carried out, followed by the assessment of correlation between annual maximum snow depth and its companion （daily maximum） wind speed. It is suggested that the input wind speed can be assigned with the mean of the companion wind speed. By evaluating the input wind speed for Heilongjiang province, it is concluded that the companion wind speed is much less than the annual maximum wind speed, and that the ratio of the former to the latter is about 0.45. Based on this finding, it is suggested that the input wind speed for estimating difting snow profile can be set to be 0.45 times of the 50-year return period value of annual maximum wind speed when meteorological data is not available for the analysis.

关 键 词：积雪漂移 输入风速 年最大积雪深度 伴随风速 

分 类 号：TU312.1[建筑科学—结构工程]