我国2004-2013年工业γ射线探伤辐射事故回顾与分析  

Review and analysis of industrial gamma-ray radiographic incidents from 2004 to 2013 in China

作　　者：彭建亮[1] 陈栋梁[1] 姜文华[1] 李雪琴[1] 周晓剑[1] 于涛[2] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部核与辐射安全中心,北京100082 [2]中国核工业集团公司,北京100822

出　　处：《辐射防护》2015年第4期248-252,共5页Radiation Protection

摘　　要：为了从已发生的工业γ射线探伤辐射事故中吸取经验教训,预防辐射事故发生,对于2004—2013年全国发生的工业γ射线探伤辐射事故进行总结整理,分析事故类型、级别、探讨其后果及原因,以期为以后的同类实践提供技术参考。调查结果显示:2004—2013年我国共发生17起工业γ射线探伤事故,以放射源丢失、被盗事故为主,其中3起事故造成了人员受超剂量照射。17起事故中94%为较大或重大事故,事故原因主要是人为因素导致的安全措施缺失。建议使用工业γ射线探伤装置的单位须严格遵守《关于γ射线探伤装置的辐射安全要求》,加强安全监管,积极培育辐射安全文化,预防事故发生。To draw experience and lessons, preventing new occurrences, the industrial gamma-ray radiographic incidents had happened in recent ten years from 2004 to 2013 were summarized by analyzing their categories, levels, consequences and causes to provide technical reference in preforming similar practices in future. From 2004 to 2013, 17 industrial gamma ray detection accidents were listed in all with source lost or stolen incidents as the majority, three of which caused over exposure. 94% of the total 17 incidents belong to large or major incident, mainly attributed to human factors induced lack of safety measures. The utilization of Industrial gamma-ray radiography units should strictly abide by the Radiation Safety Requirements about the Gamma-ray Detection Device, and be imposed under stringent security supervision to foster safety culture preventing accidents.

关 键 词：工业γ射线探伤 辐射事故 原因 对策 

分 类 号：TL73[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]