醋酸铅对雌性小鼠生长发育及主要内脏器官的影响  

Effect of lead acetate on weight gain,development and main organs in female mice

作　　者：贺秀媛[1] 张淑芳[1] 林峰[1] 陈玉霞[1] 李梦[2] 李静[1] 杨振[2] 张君涛[1] 韩雪蕾[1] 郭林林[1] 邓立新[1] 刘宗平[3] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学牧医工程学院,河南郑州450002 [2]堪萨斯州立大学,堪萨斯州曼哈顿市665064004 [3]扬州大学兽医学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《中国兽医学报》2015年第7期1153-1158,1163,共7页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science

基　　金：国家农业(肉牛牦牛)产业技术体系专项(CARS-38);河南省重点科技攻关资助项目(132102110036)

摘　　要：将420只体质量为(20.23±1.88)g的雌性昆明系小鼠随机分成5个处理组和1个对照组,每组设7个重复,每个重复10只。各处理组分别腹腔按体质量注射10、15、20、25、30mg/kg的醋酸铅溶液,对照组注射等体积的灭菌生理盐水,每隔2d注射并称重1次,共注射10次,期间记录小鼠体质量及临床表现。染毒结束后,脱颈椎处死小鼠,取出心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏组织,称湿重;观察形,制作石蜡切片,观察其病理组织学变化。结果显示,(1)铅可明显影响小鼠体质量增长,且体质量随着染毒剂量的增加和时间的延长而明显降低,与对照组相比,差异显著或极显著(P<0.05或P<0.01);(2)与对照组相比,各染毒组小鼠脏器系数变化依次为肾、脾>肝、肺>心,且呈明显的剂量-时间效应关系;(3)铅暴露可引起小鼠心、肝、脾、肺、肾各脏器发生不同程度的损伤,小鼠肾脏、脾脏受损最为严重,其次为肝脏,再次为心脏,肺脏影响最轻,且损害的程度与铅染毒剂量和时间呈剂量-时间效应关系。结果表明,当醋酸铅暴露剂量≥20mg/kg时,对小鼠生长发育具有明显抑制作用;长期低铅染毒即可导致机体各组织器官发生广泛性病理损伤,且损伤的程度与染毒剂量呈现明显的剂量-时间效应关系。To study the effects of the lead acetate on growth,development and main organs in female mice,420 female Kunming mice with the body weight（20.23±1.88）g were randomly divided into 5treatment groups and 1control group,each treatment with 7replicates of 10 mice each.Five treatment group mice were injected intraperitonealy with lead acetate solution at different concentrations of 10,15,20,25 and 30mg/kg every two days,respectively,and the control group mice was injected with the same volume of normal saline.During the whole period of the experiment,the mice were weighed every two days and clinical symptom of mice were recorded.After the lead exposure,the mice were executed by cervical dislocation and their main organs including liver,heart,spleen,lung and kidney were collected,weighed and recorded for their gross findings,prepared with paraffin-embedded slices for examining histological changes.The result indicated that the lead could greatly decreased the mice body weight gain,and the body weight with the increase of lead dosage and time,compared with that of control（P〈0.01 or P〈0.05）;compared with the control group,the organ coefficients in the treatment groups were ordered by kidney and spleenliver and lungheart,with an obvious dose-time effect relationship in the intraperitoneal administration of lead;lead exposure could cause varying degrees of damages to heart,liver,spleen,lung,and kidney.The damages in kidney and spleen were the most severe,followed by in liver,heart,and lung.The damage was aggravated with increase in lead doses and exposure time in an obvious dose-time manner.It is concluded that lead is a significant inhibitory effect on the weight gain and development of mice when the dose of lead acetate was ≥20 mg/kg.The longterm and low-dose lead exposure can result in extensive pathological damages in tissues and organs,and the damage degree was related with lead dose and exposure time length.

关 键 词：醋酸铅 雌性小鼠 主要内脏器官 病理学变化 

分 类 号：S813.24[农业科学—畜牧学] S852.16[农业科学—畜牧兽医]