K型雄性不育小麦育性恢复基因的遗传特点及育性稳定性研究  

Genetic characteristics and stability of fertility restoration genes of K-cytoplasmic male sterile wheat

作　　者：齐智[1] 石晓艺 蒙立颖 胡甘[1] 宋喜悦[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2015年第4期12-18,共7页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31271792);陕西省农业攻关项目(2014K02-04-01)

摘　　要：利用2个K型小麦雄性不育系、21个恢复系及2个对照材料,组配杂交组合,经杂交、自交获得F1(AXR)和F2等世代材料,并考查其自交结实率,结合植物数量性状主基因+多基因混合遗传模型进行遗传分析,同时对部分组合的育性稳定性进行研究。结果表明:K型小麦雄性不育系的育性基因rf主要由雌配子传递,属配子体雄性不育类型;育性受2对加性-显性主基因+加性-显性多基因共同控制,且第1对主基因控制育性的作用强于第2对主基因;在F2群体中主基因的遗传率为62.44%,多基因遗传率为0,环境方差占表现型方差的37.56%,说明该类型小麦雄性不育性以主基因遗传为主,同时受多基因和环境的影响。育性稳定性研究表明,虽然K型细胞质雄性不育小麦的育性恢复年际间波动很大,但通过筛选可以获得恢复度高且稳定的恢复系,进而为杂交小麦的育种提供支持。The K type male sterile wheat is important in wheat heterosis utilization.The stability of the sterility and its fertility restoration have great significance.With two K type wheat male sterile lines,21 restorer lines and two reference materials as test materials,hybrid combinations were used in this study.The results showed that the sterile gene of rf in K type wheat male sterile wheat was mainly transferred by the female gamete,the sterility gametophyte.Sterility was controlled by 2pairs of additive-dominant main gene additive-dominant polygenes,and the effect of the first main gene was stronger than the second gene.In F2 populations,the gene was 62.44%,polygenes inheritance was zero and the variance of environment accounted for 37.56% of the variance.The result showed that the type of wheat male sterility was given priority to the main genes and also influenced by multiple genes and the environment.The study also showed that the interannual fluctuations of sterility stability was very big in the K type cytoplasmic male sterile wheat,but through screening the high degree of recovery and stable restorer lines,would be further supporting the hybrid wheat breeding.

关 键 词：小麦 粘果山羊草 遗传模型 育性稳定性 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学]