大学生休闲活动与应激、抑郁、幸福感的关系研究  

Relationship Between Leisure Activities and Stress, Depression, Well-being of Undergraduates

作　　者：胡炳政[1] 

机构地区：[1]洛阳师范学院应用心理学系,河南省洛阳市471022

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2015年第19期2341-2345,共5页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：河南省教育厅人文社会科学研究重点项目(2015-ZD-157)

摘　　要：目的考察大学生休闲活动与应激、抑郁、幸福感的关系。方法于2013年4—6月,采用分层整群抽样方法抽取河南省5所高校的850例大学生作为研究对象,施测大学生休闲活动参与问卷、青少年生活事件量表、抑郁自评量表、幸福感指数量表及基本情况调查表。结果独立样本t检验显示,男性、低年级、理科、城市、家庭经济状况较好大学生分别较女性、高年级、文科、农村、家庭经济状况较差大学生参与了更多的休闲活动,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。皮尔逊积差相关分析显示,运动锻炼、听音乐、自主学习、唱歌跳舞等休闲活动与抑郁呈负相关(P<0.05),与幸福感呈正相关(P<0.05);无事可做、睡懒觉、兼职打工等休闲活动与应激、抑郁呈正相关(P<0.05),与幸福感呈负相关(P<0.05)。回归路径分析显示,无事可做(β=0.12)、兼职打工(β=0.09)对应激的影响有统计学意义(P<0.05);自主学习(β=-0.16)、运动锻炼(β=-0.09)、听音乐(β=-0.08)、郊游旅游(β=0.11)、无事可做(β=0.15)及聚会聚餐(β=0.08)对抑郁的影响有统计学意义(P<0.05);唱歌跳舞(β=0.14)、听音乐(β=0.12)及无事可做(β=-0.15)对幸福感的影响有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论不同休闲活动与大学生心理健康的关系路径不同。运动锻炼、自主学习、听音乐3项休闲活动越多大学生抑郁水平越低,唱歌跳舞、听音乐2项活动越多大学生幸福感水平越高。无事可做、郊游旅游、聚会聚餐、兼职打工4项休闲活动参与越多越不利于大学生心理健康。Objective To explore the relationship between leisure activities and stress,depression,well- being of undergraduates. Methods From Aril to June 2013,we enrolled 850 undergraduates from five universities in Henan Province using stratified cluster sampling method. The included undergraduates were administrated with Undergraduate Leisure Participant Questionnaire,Adolescence Life Event Scale, Self- Rating Depression Scale and Well- Being Index Scale. Results Independent sample t test showed that undergraduates in the groups of male,urban areas,science major,lower grade and richer family participated in more leisure activities than their respective corresponding groups（ P〈0. 05）. Pearson productmoment correlation analysis showed that the activities of physical exercise, listening to music, independent learning and singing and dancing were negatively correlated with depression（ P〈0. 05）,but positively correlated with well- being（ P〈0. 05）; the activities of idleness,getting up late,taking part- time job were positively correlated with stress and depression（ P〈0. 05）,but negatively correlation with well- being（ P〈0. 05）. Regression path analysis showed that stress was significantly affected（ P〈0. 05） by the activities of idleness（ β = 0. 12） and working in part- time（ β = 0. 09）; depression was affected significantly（ P〈0. 05） by the activities of independent learning（ β =- 0. 16）,physical exercise（ β =- 0. 09）,listening to music（ β =- 0. 08）,outing and travel（ β = 0. 11）,idleness（ β = 0. 15） and diner and party（ β = 0. 08）; well- being is affected significantly（ P〈0. 05） by the activities of singing and dancing（ β = 0. 14）,listening music（ β = 0. 12） and idleness（ β =- 0. 15）. Conclusion Different leisure activities are related with the mental health of undergraduates in different ways. More physical exercise, independent learning and listening to music are associated with lower depression level in undergraduates,and

关 键 词：大学生 休闲活动 应激 心理学 抑郁 幸福感 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]