额叶损伤患者外显记忆与内隐记忆损害特征的研究  

Research of damage character of explicit memory and implicit memory in patients with frontal lobe impaired

作　　者：龚亮[1] 李秀[2] 王继华[1] 顾翠[1] 冯磊[1] 杨旭东[1] 

机构地区：[1]玉溪市人民医院神经内科,云南省653100 [2]玉溪市人民医院肿瘤科,云南省653100

出　　处：《中华脑科疾病与康复杂志（电子版）》2015年第3期15-19,共5页Chinese Journal of Brain Diseases and Rehabilitation（Electronic Edition）

基　　金：云南省应用基础研究计划项目(2011FZ115)

摘　　要：目的探讨额叶损伤患者外显记忆、概念型内隐记忆(CIM)和知觉型内隐记忆(PIM)损害的特征,验证额叶参与内隐记忆加工的假说。方法选择2011年9月至2014年7月云南省玉溪市人民医院住院及门诊的25例额叶损伤患者与30名年龄、受教育程度相匹配的健康对照组。对两组受试者分别进行神经心理学测试,包括简易精神状态量表(MMSE)、数字广度(DS)、言语流畅性(VFT)测试一般认知功能,即刻回忆、延时回忆及延时再认测试外显记忆,采用分类产生及图片辨认分别测试受试者的CIM和PIM。采用独立样本t检验进行统计学分析。结果与健康对照组相比,额叶损伤组在MMSE、数字广度顺背(DSF)、数字广度倒背(DSB)及VFT上的成绩均较差[(25.64±2.59)分vs.(29.40±0.62)分,(6.52±1.08)分vs.(7.70±0.47)分,(3.40±0.81)分vs.(4.20±0.55)分,(9.48±3.18)分vs.(15.66±3.06)分],差异具有统计学意义(t值分别为7.686、5.398、4.319、7.330,均P<0.01)。额叶损伤组在即刻回忆及延时回忆上较健康对照组差差[(4.04±1.56)分vs.(5.46±1.04)分,(6.36±3.12)分vs.(8.16±1.62)分],差异具有统计学意义(t值分别为4.033、2.235,P<0.05)。额叶损伤组在分类产生上较健康对照组差[(1.98±0.96)分vs.(3.55±0.58)分],差异具有统计学意义(t=7.471,P<0.01),而在图片辨认上两组受试者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论额叶损伤患者存在总体认知功能减退,在外显记忆方面存在损伤。额叶损伤患者CIM存在损伤,而PIM相对保留,进一步验证了额叶参与CIM的加工。Objective To study conceptual implicit memory type （ CIM） and the perceptual implicit memory （ PIM） damage in the patients with frontal lobe damage and to verify the hypothesis that frontal lobe in implicit memory processing.Methods Patients with frontal lobe impaired（25 cases）from People′s Hospital of Yuxi during September 2011 to July 2014 and healthy controls （ 30 cases ） were administered with a neuropsychological battery of tests including minimum mental state examination （ MMSE） ,digital span （ DS） , verbal fluency test （VFT）,conception and perception implicit memory （CIM and PIM） tasks,as well as explicit memory tasks（immediately recall,delay recall,delay recognition）.Results Compared with healthy controls,the frontal lobe group was injury in MMSE ,digital span forward（DSF）,digital span backward（DSB） and VFT [（25.64 ±2.59）scores vs.（29.40 ±0.62）scores,（6.52 ±1.08）scores vs.（7.70 ±0.47）scores, （3.40 ±0.81）scores vs.（4.20 ±0.55）scores,（9.48 ±3.18）scores vs.（15.66 ±3.06）scores],there were statistically difference between the two groups （ t values were 7.686 ,5.398 ,4.319 ,7.330 , all P〈0.01 ） . Frontal lobe injury group played poor in immediate recall and delay recall [（4.04 ±1.56）scores vs.（5.46 ± 1.04）scores,（6.36 ±3.12）scores vs.（8.16 ±1.62）scores],there were statistically difference between the two groups（t values were 4.033,2.235,all P〈0.01）.Frontal lobe injury group performance on the CIM task was worse than healthy controls [ （ 1.98 ±0.96 ） scores vs.（ 3.55 ±0.58 ） scores ] , the difference was statistically significant （ t=7.471 , P〈0.01 ） , while there were no significant differences in the PIM task between the two groups （ P 〉0.05 ） .Conclusion Patients with frontal lobe damage exists in general cognitive decline,also in the explicit memory.Patients with frontal lobe damage have CIM damage ,and the PIM relative retention ,further verify the processing of frontal

关 键 词：额叶 神经心理学 内隐记忆 外显记忆 

分 类 号：R651.15[医药卫生—外科学]