GPS单差观测量的运动学相对定轨研究  

Relative Positioning Based on Kinematic Method Using Single Difference GPS Observations

作　　者：刘荣芳[1,2] 苏晟翊 王文彬[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院光电研究院,北京100094 [2]中国科学院空间应用工程与技术中心,北京100094 [3]北京空间信息中继传输技术研究中心,北京100094

出　　处：《载人航天》2015年第4期356-361,共6页Manned Spaceflight

摘　　要：以双星编队飞行为工程背景,在两颗编队卫星均搭载GPS双频接收机和一颗搭载GPS双频接收机而另一颗搭载GPS单频接收机两种模式下,对相对定轨方法和数据处理流程进行了研究。运动学相对定轨采用最小二乘批处理方法进行轨道估计,定轨流程包括单点定位、动力学平滑、数据编辑、运动学绝对定轨和运动学相对定轨五个步骤。利用GRACE双星数据进行测试,结果通过KBR验证:利用消电离单差组合观测量,相对定轨精度达到1 cm左右;以双频GPS为参考星,双频消电离观测量和单频GRAPHIC观测量做单差,相对定轨精度优于18cm。The background of this paper is the formation flying of two satellites in the mode of two spacecraft equipped with dual-frequency receivers and in the mode of one spacecraft with dual-fre-quency receiver and the other with single-frequency receiver.The kinematic relative positioning method and data processing procedures were introduced in this paper.Kinematic batch least squares technique was used for relative positioning and procedures included single point positioning, dynam-ic fitting, data editing, kinematic absolute precise orbit determination and kinematic relative precise orbit determination.GRACE-A&B real flight data was used to evaluate the relative positioning per-formance of proposed method and procedures, then the results were compared with the GRACE KBR.Using ionosphere-free single difference model, the relative position precision of dual-frequen-cy receivers was about 1cm;Using dual-frequency receiver as reference orbit, single difference mod-el was taken by ionosphere-free combination and single-frequency GRAPHIC combination and the precision was better than 18 cm.

关 键 词：相对定轨 运动学法 卫星编队飞行 单差模型 

分 类 号：TN967.1[电子电信—信号与信息处理]