阻燃抑烟剂对膨胀型防火涂层燃烧特性的影响  

Influences of flame retardant and smoke suppression agents on burning characteristics of intumescent fire-retardant coating

作　　者：纪璨[1,2] 李少香[1] 刘凯[1] 仲伟明 王勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛科技大学环境与安全工程学院,山东青岛266042 [2]灭火救援技术公安部重点实验室,河北廊坊065000 [3]高密市人民医院,山东潍坊261500

出　　处：《电镀与涂饰》2015年第14期781-786,共6页Electroplating & Finishing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51306097);灭火救援技术公安部重点实验室基金(KF201405);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2012EMQ008;ZR2014EEM037)

摘　　要：采用三氧化钼、钼酸铵、三氧化二锑、可膨胀石墨和硼酸锌作阻燃抑烟剂,分别按3种比例(5%、10%和15%)与膨胀阻燃体系(IFR)复配,制得水性膨胀型防火涂料。通过锥形量热仪研究了阻燃抑烟剂种类和用量对涂层燃烧性能的影响,并考察了其与IFR的协同性。结果表明,涂层生烟主要发生在着火之前,即烟气主要是裂解产物。三氧化钼或钼酸铵配合IFR会延迟点燃时间,与IFR质量比大于1∶1时可降低烟释放速率峰值(PSPR)。三氧化二锑或硼酸锌都不能降低热释放速率峰值(PHRR),且引入三氧化二锑还会明显增加PSPR。可膨胀石墨与IFR配比大于2∶3时,降低PHRR和PSPR的效果最好。这5种阻燃抑烟剂都能延迟热释放峰值时间和生烟速率峰值时间,其中硼酸锌的作用最明显。Waterborne intumescent fire-retardant paints were prepared by using molybdenum trioxide, ammonium molybdate, antimony trioxide, expandable graphite, or zinc borate as flame retardant and smoke suppression agent, and combining with an intumescent flame retardant （IFR） at three proportions （5%, 10%, and 15%） respectively. The effects of individual agent and its content on burning behavior of the coating obtained therewith were studied by cone calorimeter, and the synergistic effect of agent/IFR was analyzed. It was found that coating＇s smoke release occurs primarily before ignition, implying that the smoke mainly consists of pyrolysis products. The mixing of molybdenum trioxide or ammonium molybdate with IFR can lengthen ignition time and reduce the peak value of smoke production rate （PSPR） if their mass ratio exceeds 1：1. Neither antimony trioxide nor zinc borate can decrease the peak value of heat release rate （PHRR）. The introduction of antimony trioxide can even increase PSPR obviously. The coating prepared with expandable graphite and IFR with a mass ratio exceeding 2：3 can achieve the best results of reducing PHRR and PSPR. All the five agents can prolong the time of PHRR and PSPR, among which the zinc borate has the most remarkable effect.

关 键 词：水性防火涂料 膨胀阻燃剂 燃烧 抑烟 热释放速率 烟释放速率 锥形量热仪 

分 类 号：TQ637.8[化学工程—精细化工]