早熟沙田柚生物学特性观察与病毒病鉴定  

Observation on Biological Traits of Early-maturing Shatian Pomelo and Viral Disease Identification

作　　者：陆少峰[1] 梅正敏 贺申魁 肖远辉 莫健生 王明召 廖奎富 区善汉 韦志扬[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院,广西南宁530007 [2]广西特色作物研究院,广西桂林541004 [3]阳朔县生产力促进中心,广西阳朔541900

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2015年第3期1115-1118,共4页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西科学研究与技术开发计划项目(桂科攻1123003-3A);桂林市科学研究与技术开发计划项目(20120113-1);国家现代农业柑橘产业技术体系广西创新团队建设项目(nycytxgxcxtd-02-06)

摘　　要：以来源于沙田柚的一个优良变异“早熟沙田柚”为材料,观察其生物学特性,并进行病毒病鉴定,为制定“早熟沙田柚”栽培技术、病害防控及推广应用提供理论依据。结果表明,“早熟沙田柚”树势强,树形开张,幼树生长量大,易形成树冠,树冠圆头形,在广西桂林一年抽梢4次,植后3~4年开始结果,人工异花授粉坐果率1.52%~7.38%,果实成熟期在9月中下旬至10月初,果实重量828.19~1418.38 g,平均单果重1014.73 g,进入盛果期后,产量可达37.5~60.0 t/hm2,表现早熟、优质、高产;茎尖嫁接成活10株,经鉴定,其中8个单株不带柑橘黄龙病、碎叶病、衰退病及裂皮病。适宜在广西、广东及湖南等沙田柚产区的水田、旱地种植,但较易感柑橘溃疡病,应注意预防。Biological traits of esrly-maturing Shatian pomelo, which is a superior pomelo cultivar, were observed and its vires was identified to provide theoretical references for formulating its cultivation technology, disease control, extension and application. The results showed that early-maturing Shatian pomelo grew vigorously especially in its early growth stage. Its crown was easy to form and was round-shaped. There were four times of sprouting per year in Guilin of Guangxi. Fruiting stage began 3-4 years after planting. Fruit-setting rate was 1.52 % -7. 38 % and fruit maturing stage was on late September and early October. Fruit weight range was 828.19 - 1418.38 g and average single fruit weight was 1014.73 g. In full-bearing stage, its yield could reach 37.5 -60.0 t/hm^2. Among the 10 stem-tip transplanted plants, 3 plants had no symptoms of citrus Huanglonghing, tatter leaf, citrus tristeza virus and citrus exocortis viruid. With the characteristics of early-matu- ring, good quality and high yield, this early-maturing Shatian pomelo is ideal for both paddy field and dry land cultivation as long as citrus bacterial canker disease is under control.

关 键 词：早熟沙田柚 植物学特征 生物学特性 抗性 病毒病 鉴定 

分 类 号：S666[农业科学—果树学]