某综合性教学医院住院患者医院感染现患率调查  

Prevalence survey of nosocomial infection in a comprehensive teaching hospital

作　　者：王清青[1] 查筑红[1] 程永素[1] 冷应蓉[1] 黄冰[1] 罗光英[1] 李凌竹[1] 游灿青[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵阳医学院附属医院,贵州贵阳550004

出　　处：《中国消毒学杂志》2015年第7期684-686,共3页Chinese Journal of Disinfection

摘　　要：目的研究综合性教学医院住院病人医院感染现状及其变化发展趋势,为制定防控策略提供依据。方法采用横断面调查的方法,对某综合性教学医院住院病人医院感染现状进行调查与分析。结果连续3次调查住院患者的实查率均达到97%以上,2012-2014年医院感染例次现患率依次为5.37%、4.73%和3.98%,呈现逐年降低的趋势。医院感染部位以呼吸道感染为主,构成比为51.47%;其次是泌尿道和手术切口感染,构成比分别为15.07%和10.66%。医院感染患者主要分布于重症监护病房、血液移植科和神经外科。住院患者抗菌药物使用率均低于40%,病原学标本送检率由38.80%上升到62.31%。结论该医院住院患者医院感染现患率呈逐年下降趋势,抗菌药物应用基本合理,调查已经找出重点控制环节。Objective To understand the current status and changing trend of nosocomial infection in a comprehensive teaching hospital,and provide a basis for making prevention and control strategies. Methods Cross - sectional survey was used to investigate and analyze the current status of nosocomial infection in a comprehensive teaching hospital. Results The actual survey rate of inpatient was more than 97% in the three consecutive cross - sectional survey, and the case preva- lence rate of nosocomial infection were 5.37% ,4.73% and 3.98% respectively from 2012 to 2014. It shown downtrend year by year. The main nosocomial infection site was respiratory tract, followed by urinary tract and surgical incision, and their constituent ratio was 51.47% ,5.07% and 10.66% respectively. The top three departments with high case prevalence rate of nosocomial infection respectively were the ICU,the blood and marrow transplantation department and the neurosurgery department. The average usage rate of antimicrobial agents were fewer than 40%, and the detection rate of pathogen increased from 38.80% to 62.31%. Conclusion The prevalence rate of nosocomial infection shows downtrend year by year, and the usage rate of antimicrobial agents are reasonable, and the key links in the controlling of nosocomial infection are clear and definite.

关 键 词：医院感染 横断面调查 流行病学特征 抗菌药物 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]