住院癌症患者配偶照顾者焦虑抑郁状况及影响因素分析  

Anxiety and Depression in Spouse Caregivers of Hospitalized Cancer Patients and Its Influencing Factors

作　　者：牛爱芳[1] 付菊芳[1] 王宏玫[2] 何华[3] 张瑞丽[4] 李小宁[5] 牛丽英[6] 武慧丽[7] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学西京医院疾病预防控制科,陕西西安710032 [2]第四军医大学唐都医院肿瘤科,陕西西安710038 [3]第四军医大学唐都医院血液科,陕西西安710038 [4]西安交通大学第二附属医院血液科,陕西西安710004 [5]西安交通大学第二附属医院肿瘤科,陕西西安710004 [6]西安交通大学第一附属医院化疗科,陕西西安710061 [7]西安交通大学第一附属医院肿瘤科,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《护理学报》2015年第13期4-9,共6页Journal of Nursing（China）

基　　金：陕西省科学技术研究发展计划项目(2012SF2-08-4)

摘　　要：目的了解住院癌症患者配偶照顾者的焦虑及抑郁状况,分析其影响因素。方法采用一般资料问卷及焦虑抑郁量表,对5所三级甲等医院的150例癌症患者的配偶照顾者进行问卷调查。结果癌症患者配偶照顾者可疑存在焦虑症状35名(23.3%),肯定存在焦虑症状69名(46%);可疑存在抑郁症状42名(28%);肯定存在抑郁症状60名(40%);配偶照顾者焦虑、抑郁水平高于国内常模(P<0.01)。多元逐步回归分析结果显示:照顾者年龄、医疗费用负担、累计照顾患者时间、有无照顾经验是影响其焦虑情绪的主要因素(R2=0.146,F=11.841,P<0.001);抑郁情绪的主要影响因素是照顾者性别、医疗费用负担及患者身体状况(R2=0.249,F=16.104,P<0.001)。结论住院癌症患者的配偶照顾者焦虑抑郁水平较高,护理人员需重视对癌症患者配偶照顾者的心理干预,尤其加强对女性、处于中年的照顾者、累计照顾时间较长者关注。对无照顾经验的照顾者,指导其掌握照顾患者的知识与技巧,同时密切观察配偶照顾者的情绪变化,主动并积极与他们交流,以减轻照顾者焦虑抑郁水平。Objective To understand the anxiety and depression in spouse caregivers of cancer patients, and to analyze its influencing factors. Methods A total of 150 caregivers of cancer patients were recruited from five third-level first-class hospitals and investigated by a self-designed general information questionnaire and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale（HADS）.Results Thirty-five spouse caregivers of cancer patients（23.3%） presented suspected anxiety and 69 cases（46.0%） had confirmed anxiety. Suspicious depression was found in 42 cases（28.0%） and confirmed depression in 60 cases（40.0%）. The level of anxiety and depression of spouse caregivers was higher than that of the norm（P〈0.01）. Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that age,medical expenses and with or without care experience were influencing factors of anxiety and gender, medical expenses, the patient ＇s KPS scores were the main influence factors of depression. Conclusion Severe anxiety and depression exist in spouse caregivers of cancer patients and nurses should focus on psychological intervention for them, particularly for female caregivers, middle-aged ones and those with long time of caring. Knowledge and skill of caring should be provided to those green hands. Timely communication contributes to relieving the caregivers＇ anxiety and depression.

关 键 词：癌症 配偶照顾者 焦虑 抑郁 影响因素 

分 类 号：R473.73[医药卫生—护理学]