从“诸众”到“共有者”——哈特与奈格里激进政治主体的逻辑转换及当代意义  

From “the Multitude”to “the Commoner”:The Analysis and Contemporary Significance of Logical Transition of Hardt and Negri's Radical Political Subject's Theory

作　　者：张早林[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学哲学系 [2]安徽财经大学

出　　处：《南京社会科学》2015年第7期54-59,共6页Nanjing Journal of Social Sciences

摘　　要：意大利自主论马克思主义者奈格里和哈特提出的反抗资本帝国统治的"诸众"主体理论引人注目。他们从本体论(身体潜能本体论和历史本体论)和政治性(阶级斗争和政治规划)角度论证了诸众不同于"人民"、"群众"、"工人阶级"等现代主体的内涵,指出诸众既具有革命反抗性又具有伦理建构性的双重形象;他们分析论证了非物质劳动之上对抗"生命权力"的"生命政治生产"和超越资本统治的"共有"生产形式,得出诸众具有"出离"资本关系的潜能和建构新社会的伦理要求;在反思2011年的"广场占领运动"中提出了在现实斗争中摆脱"贫乏主体性"而建立新的充盈主体性的"共有者"的形象,从而完成了诸众主体理论的逻辑。但诸众理论具有非现实的乌托邦缺陷。The theory of subject on ＂the multitude＂ proposed by Italian autonomist Marxist Mi- chael Hardt and Antonio Negri rise sconcerns. From ontological and political perspective they argue that the concept of ＂the multitude ＂ is different from that of ＂the people＂, ＂the mass＂ and ＂the working class＂ ,then point out the multitude having a dual figures of both the revolutionary and the constructive ethic-political . They demonstrate that ＂the biopolitical production＂ antagonize to ＂the biopower＂ based on ＂the immaterial labor ＂ , point out ＂the common＂ beyond the capital rule , and draw a conclusion that the multitude has both a potential ＂exodus＂ from the capital and an ethical- political desire for constructing a new society. They put forward a new figure of ＂the commoner＂ re- flecting on the occupy square movements in 2011 and thus complete their logic of the multitude＇ s theory.

关 键 词：诸众 非物质劳动 生命政治生产 共有者 

分 类 号：B089[哲学宗教—哲学理论]