寒区河流冰体中污染物融出对水质的影响  

Effects of polluted ice thawing on water quality in cold area

作　　者：孙少晨[1,2] 肖伟华[2] 于翔[1] 王浩[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境管理干部学院,河北秦皇岛066004 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038

出　　处：《南水北调与水利科技》2015年第4期664-666,680,共4页South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology

基　　金：中国环境管理干部学院博士科研启动基金(B201405);中国环境管理干部学院院级课题(2014009);河北省社会科学基金项目(HB14GL006);河北省科技计划项目(13454222)

摘　　要：以松花江水污染事件为例, 通过污染物在冰2水相的分配实验, 确定出冰体冻结的硝基苯污染物浓度为原水样浓度的6. 2%- 13. 4%.在此基础上, 利用前期开发的冰封期水动力水质模型, 得出松花江干流2. 5 km 长度江段冰体融化释放污染物导致水体硝基苯浓度增加了0. 02- 0. 025 ug/ L.进一步推算结果表明, 融冰导致松花江末端同江断面硝基苯浓度增加上限为12. 5 ug / L, 不会对水质造成重大影响.建立在冰2水相分配实验基础上的冰封期水质模拟, 能够简单、快速的分析寒区河流污染冰体融化导致的二次污染问题.Taking t he pollution incident in the Songhua River as an example, the experiments of pollutant distribution in ice and water phases were performed to det ermine that the nitrobenzene concentration under icing conditions is 6. 2 to 13. 4% of that in the original w ater samples. On the basis, the developed hydrodynamics and w at er quality model during the icebound season w as applied, which suggested that nitrobenzene concentrat ion increases by 0. 02 to 0. 025 ug/ L in the 2. 5-km long main stream of the Songhua River due to the effect s of nitrobenzene from ice melting. Furthermore, it show ed that nitrobenzene concent ration increases by a maximum value of 12. 5 ug/ L caused by the ice melting in Tongjiang section in the end of the Songhua River, which would not affect w ater qualit y signif icantly. The water qualit y simulation based on the experiments of pollutant distribu-tion in ice and w ater phases can analyze the secondary pollution problems caused by polluted ice melting in cold regions simply and quickly.

关 键 词：冰封期 水动力水质模型 污染冰体 河冰融化 二次污染 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]