旱区沙柳蒸腾规律及其对气象因子的响应  

Transpiration of Salix psammophila and its response to meteorological factors in arid area

作　　者：王强民[1,2] 王文科[1,2] 王周锋[1,2] 安可栋[1,2] 陈立[1,2] 宫程程 

机构地区：[1]长安大学环境科学与工程学院,西安710054 [2]旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室,西安710054

出　　处：《南水北调与水利科技》2015年第4期771-775,共5页South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目"旱区地表-地下水系统界面动力学与水循环研究(41230314)";国家自然科学基金青年基金"渭河流域地下水系统对气候变化的响应研究(41202164)";教育部博士点基金项目"渭河流域地下水对气候变化响应机制研究(20100205110007)";国土资源公益性行业科研专项经费"鄂尔多斯盆地水与生态环境关系科研平台建设-水与生态关系调查研究(201311076-4)"

摘　　要：为研究沙柳蒸腾规律及其与气象要素的关系,采用包裹式茎流计测量沙柳全叶期至落叶期液流速率,并分析了沙柳蒸腾与气象要素的关系。研究结果表明:沙柳枝条液流速率与其直径呈正相关关系;沙柳液流在早7时开始,10时至15时处于高值,16时后急剧减少,至夜间21时后降至最低(接近0);沙柳液流速率具有典型的季节性特征,且受气象要素影响显著,其受影响强烈程度的大小顺序为:饱和水汽压差>太阳辐射>大气温度>相对湿度>风速;另外,参考蒸散发量和液流速率呈显著线性关系,随着潜在蒸散发的增加,沙柳蒸腾也呈增加趋势。In order t o investigate the relationship between the transpiration of Salix psammophila and meteorological factors, packaged sap flow gauge w as used to measure the sap flow velocities in the full leaf season and defoliation season. The results show ed that ( 1) the sap flow velocity of Salix psammophila branch has a positive correlation w ith branch diameter; ( 2) sap flow velocity increases gradually from 7 am in the morning, reaches a peak between 10 am in the morning and 3 pm in the aft ernoon, then decreases gradually from 4 pm in the aft ernoon to the low est value ( near zero) aft er 9 pm at night; ( 3) sap flow velocity of Salix psammophila has an obviously seasonal variat ion w ith the maximum value in July while the minimum in November; ( 4) met eorological factors are the most significant factors affecting the sap flow velocity of Salix psammophila in the following or-der: vapor pressure deficit> solar radiation> air tem perat ure> relative humidity> w ind speed; and ( 5) there is a significant ly linear relat ionship betw een sap f low velocity and reference evapotranspiration w ith a correlat ion coefficient of R2 = 0. 77.

关 键 词：沙柳 液流速率 气象因子 干旱区 

分 类 号：S16[农业科学—农业气象学]