河北平原区冬小麦合理灌溉制度试验研究  

Experimental research on reasonable irrigation system of winter wheat in Hebei plain

作　　者：武剑[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北省水利水电勘测设计研究院,天津300250

出　　处：《南水北调与水利科技》2015年第4期785-787,797,共4页South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划课题(2006BAD11B09-2)

摘　　要：通过试验确定合理的冬小麦灌溉制度, 可以达到节水、增产、环保的效果.在河北省平原区进行冬小麦合理灌溉制度的试验, 灌溉制度试验设定4 个处理进行对比, 在足墒播种的情况下, 灌溉定额分别为春季灌900 m^3 / hm^2 、2 250 m^3 / hm^2 、2 700 m^3 / hm^2 、3 600 m^3 / hm^2 .根据示范区实验数据说明, 在河北省中南部平原区, 冬小麦合理灌溉定额在2 250-2 700 m^3 / hm^2 范围内, 产量较高.在灌溉定额为2 250 m^3 / hm^2 时, 可分别在小麦拔节、开花和灌浆期分3 次灌溉, 灌水定额为750 m^3/ hm^2; 灌溉定额为2 700 m^3 / hm^2 时, 可分别在小麦拔节、开花期分2 次灌溉, 灌水定额为1 350 m^3 / hm^2 .通过试验, 合理确定河北平原区冬小麦合理灌溉制度, 为农田合理灌溉、农业节水、增产增收提供科学依据.A reasonable irrigation system of w inter w heat determined by experiments can achieve t he effects of water saving, in-creased production, and environmental protection. Experiment s on reasonable irrigation system of winter w heat in H ebei plain were conducted, and four irrigation treatments were com pared under the condition of sufficient seeds, w hich included the irriga-tion quota of 900 m3 / hm2, 2 250 m3 / hm2 , 2 700 m3 / hm2 , and 3 600 m3 / hm2 in spring. The results showed t hat in the plains of central and southern H ebei Province, reasonable irrigation quota of winter w heat is in the range of 2 250 to 2 700 m3 / hm2 to generate higher yield. For the irrigation quota of 2250 m3 / hm2 , t hree irrigat ions can be applied to the wheat joint ing st age, flow ering stage, and filling stage w ith each of 750 m3 / hm2 . For the irrigation quota of 2 700 m3 / hm2 , two irrigat ions can be applied to the w heat jointing stage and flow ering stage w ith each of 1 350 m3 / hm2 . Det ermination of reasonable irrigation sys-tem of w int er wheat in H ebei plain through the experiments can provide the scientific basis for reasonable irrigat ion, agricultural water-saving, and increasing production.

关 键 词：灌溉制度试验 冬小麦种植 灌溉定额 灌水时间和方法 河北省平原区 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程]