医护人员针刺伤的流行病学调查分析  

作　　者：罗晋卿 李少文[1] 关燕琼[1] 杨英[1] 陈幼华[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西梧州市红十字会医院感染管理科,广西梧州543002

出　　处：《医学与社会》2015年第B06期13-13,共1页Medicine and Society

摘　　要：目的：了解我院医护人员针刺伤职业暴露发生原因及危险因素，为制定有效的防护措施，保障医护人员的职业安全提供参考依据。方法：制定职业暴露报告和处理制度、流程，建立职业暴露报告、登记网络系统。收集2011—2014年我院医务人员发生针刺伤的资料，并进行流行病学分析。结果：针刺伤发生率呈逐年上升趋势；针刺伤发生的人群主要分布在护士、其次是医生、清洁工；多见于手术科室、急诊室等部门；发生的时机主要在注射穿刺、其次是处理利器及医疗废物、拔输液针、手术缝合；暴露源的病原体主要以乙肝病毒为主（占32.04％）。结论：制定规范的防护对策，强化培训，提高医务人员防护意识，规范医疗操作行为以降低医务人员针刺伤风险。Objective This research is to find out the causes and risk factors in the medical needle injury occurred to the clinical staff in our hospital, in order to provide some ref- erences for the development of effective protective measures to ensure occupational safety of clinical staff. Methods We have developed systems for occupational exposure reporting and processing procedures including flowcharts, and have established an occupational exposure reporting and registration network system. We have collected staff＇ s needle injury data recor- ded from 2011 to 2014 in our hospital, and have done the epidemiological analysis on the data. Results The incidence of needle stick injuries increased year by year. The most needle stick injuries occurred in nurses, then in doctors and cleaners. Most of the incidences occurred in the surgery and emergency departments. The incidences occurred mainly with injection needles, then with processing sharp tools and medical waste, pulling infusion needles, and surgical sutures. The main pathogen of exposure is hepatitis B virus （32. 04% ）. Conclusion In order to reduce the risk of needle stick injury for clinical staff, it is recommended to make regular protective measures, provide the relevant intensive training,improve staff＇ s protec- tion awareness, and standardize the medical operation procedures.

关 键 词：医务人员 针刺伤 流行病学 

分 类 号：R532.23[医药卫生—内科学]