周恩来对日本南进战略的认识与香港秘密大营救  

Zhou Enlai's Understanding of Japan's Southward Movement and the Great Secret Rescue in Hong Kong

作　　者：蔡惠尧 

机构地区：[1]深圳博物馆,深圳518026

出　　处：《中国国家博物馆馆刊》2015年第7期127-138,共12页Journal of National Museum of China

摘　　要：日本发动全面侵华战争后,速战速决、灭亡中国的图谋接连遭遇失败,于是转而锐意南进,谋求侵占南亚、东南亚地区。香港是其南进战略的重要一环。这对在香港进行抗战文化宣传工作和统一战线活动的文化界人士、爱国民主人士的生命安全构成重大威胁。周恩来时刻关注日本南进战略动向,深入分析研究,制定应变措施,指示香港党组织未雨绸缪,早作准备。香港沦陷后,他成功指挥了一场秘密大营救,将这些文化界人士、爱国民主人士及其家属悉数撤离香港,安全转移至大后方。这次行动部署及时周密,各方联动,并取得重大胜利,其中周恩来发挥了无可替代的领导作用。秘密大营救对中国共产党抗日民族统一战线的巩固、粤港党组织的壮大及人民抗日武装的发展具有重要意义,并产生了深远的影响。After the breakout of the overall war of aggression in China, Japan intended to destroy China within a short period but failed. Therefore, it tried hard to move southward in order to further seize South and Southeastern Asia. Hong Kong was an important city in such southward movement plan, which became a threat to the safety of patriotic intellectuals in Hong Kong who were engaged in wartime publicity. Zhou Enlai followed Japan＇s military movement plan. Under his leadership, the Communist Party of China （CPC） in Hong Kong made elaborate preparations. Zhou led a successful secret rescue following the occupation of Hong Kong. A group of patriotic intellectuals and their families were rescued and moved to safe areas. The so-called Great Secret Rescue had important and far-reaching influences. The rescue, in which Zhou played an essential leading role, was significant for the Anti-Japanese United Front advocated by the CPC, the CPC＇s expansion in Hong Kong and Guangdong and the development of people＇s anti-Japanese armed forces.

关 键 词：周恩来 日本 南进战略 香港沦陷 秘密大营救 

分 类 号：K265[历史地理—历史学]