氧化铝纤维增强铝硅基复合材料活塞烧蚀性能  

Analysis of ablation properties of piston of Al_2O_3 fiber reinforced Al-Si alloy composite material

作　　者：秦朝举[1,2] 张卫正[1] 宋立业[1] 韩刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学机械与车辆学院,北京100081 [2]华北水利水电大学机械学院,河南郑州450045

出　　处：《华中科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第7期49-53,共5页Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目(613570303)

摘　　要：为了研究氧化铝纤维增强铝硅基复合材料活塞的烧蚀性能,对氧化铝纤维及复合材料进行了性能测试及分析.利用所建的烧蚀试验装置测试了复合材料试件的烧蚀性能,并对复合材料的烧蚀机理及烧蚀模型进行了探讨.最后通过建立活塞的有限元模型,分别对铝硅合金活塞和复合材料活塞进行了烧蚀预测计算和对比研究.结果表明:氧化铝纤维增强铝硅基复合材料具有致密的网络结构和较大的高温强度,在高温高速气流的冲击下,仍能使材料整体保持很好的结构,材料的线烧蚀量和质量烧蚀量较小;复合材料的烧蚀机制是熔化烧蚀和气流剥蚀的共同作用;所建烧蚀模型及有限元计算方法可以很好地对活塞的烧蚀进行预测,在相同工况下,氧化铝纤维增强铝硅基复合材料活塞的烧蚀量与铝硅合金材料相比非常小,是活塞理想的材料.In order to assess ablation properties of Al-Si piston alloy reinforced with Al2O3 fiber,the ablation behaviors of Al2O3 fiber and Al2O3f/Al-Si composites were investigated.An ablation model was developed based on the ablation mechanism of the materials.The ablation behaviors of Al-Si alloy and composite were analyzed using the finite element model of piston.Results reveal that Al2O3f/Al-Si composites exhibit higher ablation properties and maintain its structural integrity under the high temperature and speed airflow,which are contributed by the dense structure and high yield strength at high temperature of the composites.The experimental observations indicate that the line ablation and mass ablation of the composites are little.Ablation mechanisms of the Al2O3f/Al-Si composites are melting ablation and gas flow erosion.Under the same environment,Al2O3f/Al-Si composites are the ideal anti-ablation material for piston.The experiments are simulated and predicted by the developed ablation model.Computational results agree with experimental data reasonably.

关 键 词：活塞 氧化铝纤维 铝硅合金 烧蚀 模型 

分 类 号：TK422[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]