氮肥基追比对不同成熟型小麦叶片衰老及产量的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen-based Recovery Ratio on the Leaf Senescence and the Yield of Different Maturing Phases of Wheat

作　　者：刘万代[1] 张倩[1] 汪大伟 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学国家小麦工程技术研究中心,河南郑州450002 [2]叶县种子管理站,河南叶县467200

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2015年第3期21-24,共4页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技成果转化项目(2010GB2D000269);河南省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目(13A210467)

摘　　要：为了探索不同成熟型小麦品种实现高产的适宜氮肥基追比例,选用正常落黄型品种豫农416和早衰型品种西农979为试验材料,在总施氮量240 kg/hm2条件下,研究了不同氮肥基追比对两种成熟型小麦品种籽粒产量、旗叶SPAD值、叶面积指数及群体质量的影响。结果表明,同一施氮量下,氮肥基追比例对不同成熟型小麦籽粒产量及其产量构成因素的影响均达显著水平,不同品种成产因素及产量的最适氮肥基追比不同。此外,增加追氮比例可明显提高早衰品种西农979各生育时期叶面积指数及叶片SPAD值,有效延缓叶片衰老。本试验条件下,氮肥全部基施或全部追施的产量均较低,氮肥基追结合可以增加产量,正常落黄型品种豫农416获得最高产量的适宜氮肥基追比为5∶5,早衰型品种西农979实现最高产量的最适氮肥基追比为3∶7。In order to determine the reasonable nitrogen applying regimes for profitable yields in the production of high yield winter wheat with different maturing phases, field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of basal/topdressing ratio of nitrogen fertilizer on grain yield, SPAD of flag leaf, leaf area index and group quality of two varieties winter wheat with different maturing phases, normal yellowing variety of Yunong 416 and premature senescence variety of Xinong 979, on the condition of 240 kg pure nitrogen per hectare.The results showed that different nitrogen basal/topdressing ratio significant influenced grain yield and it＇ s component factors at the same application of nitrogen, as well as the grain yield and its component factors of different maturing phases fit to different Nitrogen Ratio.Besides, it can increase LAI, the SPAD of flag leaf and delay leaf senescence of Xinong 979 with the increase of the topdressing proportion.Under that experiment condition, the grain yield of Yunong 416 was the highest when the Nitrogen basal/topdressing was 5∶5 while that of Xinong 979＇s was 3∶7.

关 键 词：小麦 氮肥基追比 叶面积指数 SPAD 籽粒产量 

分 类 号：S512.104.81[农业科学—作物学]