养殖中华鲟的产后康复  

THE POST-SPAWNED RECOVERY OF CULTURED CHINESE STURGEON ACIPENSER SINENSIS

作　　者：张晓雁[1,2] 杜浩[1] 危起伟[1] 张艳珍[2] 王彦鹏[2] 蔡经江[2] 刘志刚[1] 乔新美[1] 熊伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所,农业部淡水生物多样性保护重点实验室,武汉430223 [2]北京信沃达海洋科技有限公司(北京海洋馆),北京100081

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2015年第4期705-713,共9页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科技专项(201203086);国家自然科学基金项目(31172413);973计划课题(2015CB150702)资助

摘　　要：通过观测初次繁殖养殖中华鲟(Acipenser sinensis)亲本产后的摄食行为,测量生长指标和监测血清中甲状腺指标、血液理化指标,进行产后亲本11个月康复的效果分析。结果表明:使用多春鱼(Mallotus villosus)可诱导产后亲本开口摄食及转食营养丰富的混合鲜饵。雌性产后身体虚弱,摄食时行为异常,随摄入营养水平逐渐提高,雌性和雄性最大摄食量于产后7个月时分别达到体质量的2.04%和1.60%,7个月后恢复正常。随混合鲜饵摄食量提高,亲本体质量从下降转而升高(9个月间雌雄亲本增长率分别为44.16%和23.30%),体长增长(增长率分别为5.00%和3.23%),与同龄未产的养殖中华鲟(参照组)相比,体质量和体长的增长率均处于较高水平。产后亲本血清总T3(TT3)、血清总T4(TT4)、血清游离T3(FT3)、血清游离T4(FT4)和多项血液理化指标在恢复培养期明显升高,至培养期末,TT3、FT3高于参照组,其余指标多接近参照组平均水平,表明产后亲本生理情况基本恢复。研究表明,加强产后康复培养,可以提高初次繁殖亲本,尤其是雌性的健康恢复和生长效果,对养殖中华鲟资源的重复利用和再次成熟后生殖力的提高至关重要。In this study, we recorded the feeding behavior, the growth indicators and the blood indices for 11 months after the spawning of cultured Chinese sturgeon. The growth indicators and the blood samples of the 2 referenced groups were also analyzed, and these 2 groups were in the slow gonad development stage and the same age as the female and male post-spawned individuals. We tested 22 blood indices that included red blood cells（RBC）, hematocritvalue（Ht）, Hemoglobin（Hb）, serum calcium（Ca^2＋）, phosphorus（P^3＋）, magnesium（Mg^2＋）, glutamate-pyruvate（ALT）, aspartate aminotransferase（AST）, alkaline phosphatase（ALP）, cholinesterase（CHE）, magnesium（Mg）, total protein（TP）, albumin（ALB）, globulin（GLB）, albumin/ globulin（A/G）, total cholestero（CHO）, triglycerides（TG）, glucose（GLU）, serum thyroid-stimulating hormone（TSH）, serum T3（TT3）, serum T4（TT4）, serum free T3（FT3）, and serum free T4（FT3）. We found that the re-feeding of the post-spawned sturgeons can be induced with Mallotus villosus, the preferred feed of the two sturgeons before the controlled reproduction. Then the sturgeons started to feed on self-designed diet composed of Mallotus villosus, Scomberomorus niphonius, Loligo chinensis and Penaeus vanname. The feeding of the post-spawned female was initially abnormal due to the weakness, and then the feeding quantity increased to 2.04% of the body weight（to 1.60% of body weight in the post-spawned male at the same time） and the feeding turned back to normal 7 months post-spawning. As the feeding quantity increased over 9 months of recovery, the post-spawned cultured sturgeons showed the higher growth rates of the body length（5.00% and 3.23% for the female and the male respectively） and the body weight（44.16% and 23.30% for the female and the male respectively） than those of the two referenced groups. The concentrations of TT3, TT4, FT3, FT4 and many other blood indices of the two post-spawned sturgeons were lowe

关 键 词：中华鲟 产后 摄食行为 生长 血清中甲状腺指标 血液生理指标 血清生化指标 

分 类 号：S965.2[农业科学—水产养殖]