2014年云南鲁甸M_S6.5地震人员震害研究  

Study on the Deaths and Disappearances of Yunnan Ludian M_S6.5 Earthquake in 2014

作　　者：张彦琪[1] 李西[1] 谢英情[1] 陈坤华[1] 华钧[1] 张伟 

机构地区：[1]云南省地震局,云南昆明650224 [2]会泽县地震局,云南会泽654200

出　　处：《地震研究》2015年第3期432-441,共10页Journal of Seismological Research

基　　金：活断层运维(601102);中国地震局星火计划攻关项目(XH13021)联合资助

摘　　要：2014年云南鲁甸MS6.5地震造成1993年以来云南地区同等级地震人员死亡、失踪数量最大震害。以灾区政府部门统计得到的人员震害资料为基础,对鲁甸地震产生的人员震害特点及其引发原因进行了详细分析,同时对地震人员死亡、失踪数量巨大的影响因素进行了分析讨论。结果表明:人员死亡、失踪震害主要发生在Ⅷ度区附近及以上区域,发生地点以活动断裂和河流两侧及其附近尤为明显,分布呈现NW和NE两个较为明显的优势方向,但总体以NW向分布为主;造成人员死亡最主要的原因为房屋倒塌严重,其次为山体滑坡、崩塌滚石等地震地质灾害;造成人员失踪的原因有房屋倒塌和山体滑坡;影响地震人员死亡、失踪数量巨大的直接因素有房屋建筑抗震能力、地震地质灾害破坏程度和人为因素等,间接因素有人口密度、自然地理环境、地质构造条件、气候条件和生态环境等。在上述分析的基础上还提出了一些减少震害的建议和措施。Compared with the same magnitude earthquake in Yunnan since 1993,the number of deaths and disappearances induced by Ludian MS6. 5 earthquake in 2014 is the largest. On the basis of the data of personnel damage from the statistic of the local government,we analyzed the characteristics of the personnel damage and its causes and discussed the influence factors that caused a large number of deaths and disappearances. Through these work,we obtained the follow ing results： The deaths and disappearances mainly distributed in the region of ≥Ⅷ degree and its surrounding area,and the location of them was mainly on both sides of active fault and river. The overall direction of the distribution of deaths and disappearances included NW and NE, and its main direction was NE. The direct and main reason of deaths were the serious damage of the building,the second important reason were seismic geological disasters including landslides,collapse and rock fall. The serious damage of the building and landslides caused disappearances. The direct factors that caused a large number of deaths and disappearances were the seismic capacity of the building,the destruction of seismic geological disasters and human factors etc.,and the indirect factors included seismic issues,population density,natural geographical environment,geological tectonic condition,climatic conditions and ecological environment etc.. In addition,we put forw ard some suggestions and measures that may reduce the damage in Ludian.

关 键 词：鲁甸6.5级地震 人员死亡 失踪 

分 类 号：P315.9[天文地球—地震学]