炭黑填充橡胶材料的泊松比与体积压缩特性  

Poisson′s Ratio and Compressibility Behavior of Carbon-Black Filled Rubber

作　　者：刘秀[1] 李明[1] 胡小玲[1] 罗文波[1] 

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学土木工程与力学学院,湖南湘潭411105

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2015年第7期96-100,共5页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(11172256);湖南省教育厅重点项目(13A098);清华大学汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室开放课题(KF14012);湖南省科技计划项目(2014TT2031)

摘　　要：将小变形与线弹性范围的泊松比定义拓展到大变形超弹性范围,给出了合理描述泊松比和体积应变的应变度量。测量了单轴拉伸过程中不同炭黑含量的填充橡胶的泊松比和体积应变,分析了它们随变形的变化规律。结果表明,在大变形情况下,只有Hencky应变才能合理描述材料的体积不可压缩特性,材料的泊松比和体积应变具有变形相关性,推导得到了相关的表达式。当Hencky应变小于某一临界值时,炭黑填充橡胶的泊松比约为常数0.5,可视为体积不可压缩,当Hencky应变超过该临界值时,泊松比随应变的增大而线性下降,且炭黑含量愈大,下降愈快,相应地,材料体积应变随变形的增大而增大,大变形时体积变化不容忽视。此外,临界应变与炭黑含量相关,炭黑含量愈大,临界应变愈小。The definition of Poisson′s ratio was extended from small deformation and linear elasticity to large deformation and hyperelasticity.A reasonable strain measure was determined to describe Poisson′s ratio and volume strain.Simple tensile tests were conducted on carbon-black filled rubber samples with various filler contents to investigate the effect of tensile deformation on the Poisson′s ratio and volume strain.The results show that,in the case of large deformation,Hencky strain is the unique reasonable strain measure to represent the incompressibility of material.The Poisson′s ratio and volume strain are deformation dependent.There exists a critical strain,below which the Poisson′s ratio of the carbon-black filled rubber is equal to 0.5,representing the incompressibility,however,when the Hencky strain is great than the critical value,the Poisson′s ratio decreases linearly with increase in tensile deformation,the higher the filler content,the larger the descending speed.Correspondingly,the volume strain increases with increase in tensile deformation and should not be neglected.In addition,the critical strain dependents on the filler content,higher filler content causes smaller critical strain.

关 键 词：炭黑填充橡胶 泊松比 体积压缩性能 体积应变 临界应变 

分 类 号：O631.21[理学—高分子化学]