臭氧接枝制备亲水性聚偏氟乙烯中空纤维油水分离膜  

Preparation of Hydrophilic Polyvinylidene Fluoride Hollow Fiber Oil/Water Separation Membrane

作　　者：王镭[1] 曹兵[1] 潘凯[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学材料科学与工程学院碳纤维及功能高分子教育部重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2015年第7期149-153,共5页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51373014);化工资源有效利用国家重点实验室开放基金(CRE-2012-C-206)

摘　　要：膜分离法是一种高效低耗的含油污水处理方法。用于油水分离的膜材料要求既具有良好的亲水性又具有良好的成膜性和力学性能,因此需要对膜进行改性。文中首先在聚偏氟乙烯分子链上臭氧接枝丙烯酸,然后再利用干湿法纺丝制备中空纤维膜,并研究了制膜条件对膜的油水分离性能的影响。实验结果表明,改性后的膜亲水性较好(水接触角<50°),具有很高的纯水通量(400L·m-2·h-1以上)和较高的煤油截留率(>95%)。同时,研究结果表明提高铸膜液浓度、提高挤出压力以及在凝固浴中添加溶剂会使膜的水通量下降而截留率上升。Membrane separation technology is a highly efficient and low cost method for treating oily wastewater.The membranes used in oil/water separation require the material to be good in hydrophilicity as well as membrane forming properties and mechanical strength,so modification of the membrane is required.In this work,polyvinylidene fluoride（PVDF）material was first grafted with acrylic acid side chains,then hollow fiber membranes were prepared by dry-wet spinning using the modified material,and the effect of membrane preparing conditions was studied.The results show that the resulted membrane has low water contact angle（50°）,high flux（400L·m-2·h-1）and high kerosene retention（95%）.Higher casting solution concentration,higher extrusion pressure and addition of solvent in the coagulation bath lead to lower water flux and higher kerosene retention.

关 键 词：聚偏氟乙烯 亲水改性 接枝聚合 油水分离 中空纤维 

分 类 号：TQ325.4[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]