农民迁徙自由权变迁研究(1949～1978)  

A Study on the Transformation of Peasants' Migration Freedom from 1949 to 1978

作　　者：李厚刚[1,2] 徐晓林[2] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学马克思主义学院,武汉430070 [2]华中科技大学公共管理学院,武汉430074

出　　处：《复旦学报（社会科学版）》2015年第4期116-123,共8页Fudan Journal（Social Sciences）

基　　金：2014年度教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“建国以来的农民迁徒自由权研究”(项目批准号:14YJC81007);国家社会科学基金项目“包容性发展视阈下我国农村社会管理创新研究”(项目批准号:13CKS018);2013年度国家社会科学基金项目“交易成本视角下的农民工与受雇私营企业劳动关系研究”(项目批准号:13BJL0062)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：迁徙自由作为公民的基本权利,对于农民尤为重要。新中国成立后至改革开放前,农民的迁徙自由经历了从短暂的真实实现到逐步受限再到最终全面丧失的曲折过程。新中国成立初期,由于战后恢复与重建的需要,农民一度拥有真实的迁徙自由。1952年底,随着重工业优先发展的经济赶超策略的实施,其内生的计划体制导致农民的迁徙自由不断受到限制。中苏关系的不断恶化加剧了农民迁徙自由的丧失,这最终导致农民的迁徙自由自1958年起成为虚设的宪法权利。1975年宪法取消了关于迁徙自由的规定,农民仅存的宪法层面的迁徙自由不复存在。本文以宪法权利、实然权利为研究视角,以有关的政策变迁为研究脉络,对改革开放前农民迁徙自由权变迁的过程及其内在机理进行了剖析,并建议赋予并保障农民的迁徙自由。As one of the basic civil rights and freedom,migration freedom is particularly important for peasants. From the founding of the PRC to the period of reform and opening-up,it experienced a tortuous process from a short term of substantially achieved,gradual restriction to a complete loss. In the early years,due to the need of post-war contraction,peasants had factual freedom of migration for a time. By the end of 1952,with the implementing of heavy industry priority and economic development strategy,the simultaneously emerged planned-system began to limit peasants＇ migration freedom,and the situation was further exacerbated by the deterioration of Sino-soviet relations.Finally since 1958,migration freedom virtually became a constitutional right. What＇s more,the stipulation about migration freedom was abrogated in the constitution of 1975,which meant the constitutional right was deprived of.From the research perspective of constitutional and factual right and with the research context of the transformation of related policies,this article analyzes the internal mechanism and process for the transformation of peasants＇ migration freedom before the reform and opening-up. And it gives suggestion that peasants are to be endowed and protected with migration freedom.

关 键 词：农民 迁徙自由 

分 类 号：C922[社会学—人口学] K27[历史地理—历史学]