重金属Ni^(2+)对亚洲玉米螟生长发育和生殖行为的影响  

Effects of heavy metal Ni^(2+) on the development and reproductive behavior of Ostrinia furnacalis(Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

作　　者：曹红妹 郑丽霞[1] 魏洪义[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学农学院,南昌330045

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2015年第6期650-657,共8页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAD14B14)

摘　　要：【目的】探索农田重金属Ni2+污染对植食性昆虫潜在的影响。【方法】在人工饲料中添加不同浓度(1,5,10,15和20 mg/kg)的重金属Ni2+,以不添加重金属的人工饲料为对照,实验室条件下饲养亚洲玉米螟Ostrinia furnacalis(Guenée)初孵幼虫,系统观察其各项生长发育和生殖行为指标参数。【结果】Ni2+对亚洲玉米螟幼虫期、蛹期、化蛹率和羽化率有抑制作用;对亚洲玉米螟雌蛹重有促进作用,但随Ni2+浓度的升高而逐渐减弱;低浓度Ni2+(1~10 mg/kg)对雄蛹重有促进作用,高浓度Ni2+(15~20 mg/kg)对雄蛹重有抑制作用。随着Ni2+浓度的增加,亚洲玉米螟雌蛾平均求偶持续时间逐渐减小;1 mg/kg Ni2+浓度下雌蛾求偶率及求偶高峰期出现的时间与对照组基本一致,其余4个Ni2+浓度都对雌蛾求偶行为产生影响且表现为求偶高峰期出现的时间提前,最高求偶率均小于100%。5 mg/kg Ni2+对亚洲玉米螟雄蛾定向行为有促进作用,其余浓度则表现为抑制作用。Ni2+对亚洲玉米螟雌蛾的产卵量和卵孵化率均产生了显著的抑制作用。【结论】重金属Ni2+对亚洲玉米螟的生长发育和生殖行为产生了影响。【Aim】This study aims to explore the potential impacts of heavy metal nickel（ Ni^2＋） in polluted farmlands on herbivorous insects. 【Methods】Neonate larvae of the Asian corn borer（ ACB）,Ostrinia furnacalis（ Guenée）,were fed with the artificial diet containing heavy metal Ni^2＋at different concentrations（ 1,5,10,15 and 20 mg / kg） or without any heavy metal（ as the control） under laboratory conditions. The parameters of development and reproductive behaviors were systematically investigated. 【Results】Heavy metal Ni^2＋exhibited inhibitory effects on the larval and pupal duration,pupation rate and emergence rate of O. furnacalis. However,Ni^2＋promoted the female pupal weight,and this promoting effect gradually decreased with the increasing Ni^2＋concentrations. The pupal weight of male larvae exposed to the low concentrations of Ni^2＋（ 1- 10 mg /kg） was higher than that of the control,while the pupal weight of male larvae exposed to the high concentrations of Ni^2＋（ 15- 20 mg /kg） was lower than that of the control. The average calling duration of female adults gradually declined with the Ni^2＋concentration. The calling rate of female adults exposed to Ni^2＋and their calling peak time were basically similar to those of the control group,but were affected by the four higher concentrations. In the treatments of the four higher concentrations,the calling peak time appeared earlier and the highest calling rate of female adults was less than 100%. Ni^2＋at the concentration of 5 mg / kg had the promoting effects on the orientation behavior of male adults,while the remaining four concentrations of Ni^2＋exhibited the inhibitory effects. All the concentrations of Ni^2＋showed the significantly inhibitory effects on the ovipostion and egg hatchability of O. furnacalis. 【Conclusion】The development and reproductive behaviors of O.furnacalis are affected by the heavy metal Ni^2＋,and there exists a dose-response relationship that the partial indicator parameters c

关 键 词：亚洲玉米螟 重金属 镍离子 生长发育 求偶行为 定向行为 产卵量 卵孵化率 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]