深圳市某小学一起疑似“食物中毒”事件调查  

An epidemiological investigation of a suspected food poisoning event in a primary school in Shenzhen city

作　　者：彭小雪[1] 黄敏[1] 党如波 陆剑勇 张振[4] 梅树江[4] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市罗湖区疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518020 [2]深圳市宝安区西乡预防保健所,广东深圳518055 [3]深圳市宝安区沙井预防保健所,广东深圳518055 [4]深圳市疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518055

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2015年第7期845-847,856,共4页China Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的调查某小学一起疑似"食物中毒"事件的特点和流行原因,探讨发病危险因素,快速高效处置疫情。方法采用现场调查、病例对照方法,结合实验室检测结果对疫情进行分析,提出有针对性的防控措施。结果该小学2014年9月21—28日,共报告胃肠炎病例37例,罹患率为4.4%(37/849),24日16:00时—25日8:00时为发病高峰,发病主要集中在一年级学生。病例对照研究结果显示在二楼餐厅就餐、在二楼午休房休息是发病危险因素(OR=4.53,3.33)。采集患者、厨工肛拭子、咽拭子、粪便及环境涂抹样本共计65份,其中4份检测出诺如病毒。结论这是一起由诺如病毒引起的胃肠炎暴发,原因是感染了诺如病毒的学生未及时接受治疗和隔离而引起疾病的传播,传播方式可能为气溶胶、人与人密切接触传播及接触被污染的环境物品所导致的传播。Objective To investigate the characteristic and risk factors of a suspected food poisoning event in a primaryschool in Shenzhen city. Methods A suspected food poisoning event in a primary school of Shenzhen city was analyzed byfield survey, case-control in combination with laboratory test and targeted prevention and control measures were put forward.Results From September 21 to 28 in 2014,37 gastroenteritis cases were found in this school and the attack rate was 4.4%.The peak of morbidity was from 16：00 24 September to 8：00 25 September, most of the sufferers were those in first-years.Thecase-control study revealed that eating in the dining hall on the second floor and,midday rest on the second floor were the riskfactors（OR=4.53,3.33）. A total of 56 samples including anal swabs, throat swabs, stool and environmental samples werecollected,four samples were positive for norovirus detected by RT-PCR. Conclusion This was a gastroenteritis outbreakcaused by Norovirus and the event was resulted from the infected students without isolation and timely treatment. The possiblemodes of transmission were by aerosol, through person to person close contact and exposure to contaminated environmentalobjects.

关 键 词：诺如病毒 胃肠炎 暴发 RT-PCR 

分 类 号：R181.8[医药卫生—流行病学]