CRISPR/Cas9技术及其在转基因动物中的应用  

CRISPR/Cas9 System and Its Applications in Transgenic Animals

作　　者：李佳鑫[1] 冯炜[1] 王志钢[1] 王彦凤[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学生命科学学院,呼和浩特010021

出　　处：《中国生物工程杂志》2015年第6期109-115,共7页China Biotechnology

基　　金：高产绒量绒山羊新品系培育转基因重大专项(2014ZX08008-002)资助项目

摘　　要：CRISPR/Cas9技术是一种新型的基因组定点编辑技术,具有设计简单、特异性强、效率高及可以在目标位点产生多种类型的编辑结果等特点,适用于在多种细胞中进行大规模的基因编辑。综述了CRISPR/Cas9技术的研究背景、基本原理和研究进展,从靶基因敲除(knock-out)、外源基因整合(knock-in)和目标基因转录沉默(knock-down)等方面总结了CRISPR/Cas9在转基因动物中的应用概况,并对现有的三种基因组定点编辑技术进行了比较。CRISPR/Cas9技术在转基因动物中具有明显的应用优势和良好前景。Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats（ CRISPR / Cas9） system is a novel tool for targeted genome editing and regulation of gene expression. Cas9 offers several potential features,including the case of customization,higher targeting efficiency and the ability to facilitate multiplex genome editing,which suitable for large-scale gene editing in a variety of type cells. The CRISPR / Ca9 system with the background of investigation,the mechanism of reaction and its progress was described. The application of CRISPR / Cas system in transgenic animals was summarized in the gene knockout,knock-in and knock-down. CRISPR / Ca9 system was compared with Zinc finger nucleases and transcription activator-like nucleases,and demonstrated obviously advantages. CRISPR / Ca9 technology has great prospects for application in transgenic animals.

关 键 词：CRISPR/Cas9 基因组定点编辑 转基因动物 

分 类 号：Q819[生物学—生物工程]