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机构地区:[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/甘肃省草业工程实验室,兰州730070
出 处:《中国生态农业学报》2015年第8期1020-1025,共6页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture
基 金:国家自然科学基金项目(31260433);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金博导类资助课题(20136202110007)资助
摘 要:为了明确连续UV-B胁迫对绿色型豌豆蚜生长发育及种群参数的影响, 将12 h内所产绿色型豌豆蚜若蚜经40 W UV-B辐射连续处理8代, 每代6次, 每天1次, 每次分别处理20 min、30 min、40 min、50 min和60 min, 每次处理后单头饲养, 最终采用实验种群生命表方法进行评价, 获得多代种群内禀增长率(rm)、净增殖率(R0)、平均世代周期(T)和周限增长率(λ)等生命参数。结果显示, 随着辐射时间延长, 世代数增加, 各处理下若蚜历期最终延长, 最长为8.11 d, 成蚜寿命先延长后缩短, F8代为对照的6.71%~21.27%; 净增殖率先升高后降低, F8代为对照的0.20%~22.32%; 内禀增长率在F8代时显著降低, 最高为对照的11.05%; 周限增长率先升高后缩短, F8代为对照的0.90%~22.14%; F8代平均世代周期显著缩短, 相对于对照减短8.54%~21.11%。连续UV-B胁迫试验中, 处理时间越长, 随着世代数增多, UV-B对绿色型豌豆蚜生长发育和繁殖抑制作用越强, 种群数量增长越慢。Ozone depletion resulted in enhanced UV-B stress in middle and high latitude regions in the northern and southern hemispheres. This situation had generally been a key factor of pea aphid’s genetic divergence. Pea aphid (Acyrthosiphum pisim) which transmiting many different plant viruses is a main species of harmful pests. It can cause significant loss to agriculture, particularly the production of alfalfa (Medicago spp.), pea (Pisum sativum), vicia faba (Vicia faba) and other crops. To determine the effect continuous UV-B stress on the development and population parameters of pea aphid and to provide theoretical basis for ecological heredity and population succession and integrated pest management, 8 generations of green pea aphid nymph born for 12 h were treated by UV-B 40 W. The treatment included 6 times per generation, once per day, 6 days per generation, and respectively 20 min, 30 min, 40 min, 50 min and 60 min per treat. The life parameters of the intrinsic rate (rm), net reproductive rate (R0), mean generation time (T) and finite rate of increase (λ) were determined for reared singles. The results showed that nymph development duration increased with added radiation time or generation, with the longest duration of 8.11 d. the lifetime of adult aphid extended initially and then shortened. Compared with the control, the lifetime of the eight generation (F8) was only 6.71%21.27% of the control. Net reproductive rate increased and then decreased, with F8 of 0.20%22.32% of the control. The intrinsic rate of F8 declined obviously, with the high of 11.05% of the control. The finite rate increased and then shortened, with F8 of 0.90%22.14% of the control. Mean generation time of F8 shortened by 8.54%21.11%, compared with that of the control. Based on development and population parameters of the tested green pea aphid under continuous UV-B stress, green pea aphid grew well at its 4th generation irrespective of the period of time of UV-B stress treatment. However, the more was
分 类 号:S435.79[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]
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