恶性肿瘤患者放化疗后并发真菌感染及耐药分析  

Risk factors for fungal infection in malignant tumor patients received chemotherapy and / or radiotherapy and drug resistance analysis

作　　者：吴勇[1] 张明娇[1] 李珉珉[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学附属第一医院临床医学检验中心,广东广州510630

出　　处：《中国微生态学杂志》2015年第7期834-836,839,共4页Chinese Journal of Microecology

摘　　要：目的以三甲医院为样本来源,调查恶性肿瘤患者放化疗后合并真菌感染的现状,分析诱发真菌感染的危险因素和常用抗菌药物的耐药性,促进临床合理使用抗真菌药。方法对医院2012年1月至2014年10月420例恶性肿瘤患者放化疗后送检标本进行真菌培养鉴定及药敏试验。结果 420例标本中检出真菌105例,感染率为25%。感染部位以呼吸道为主,占81.90%。感染的真菌以白假丝酵母菌为主,占73.33%,真菌对唑类药物耐药率较高。结论恶性肿瘤患者放化疗后易并发院内真菌感染,而感染主要与患者年龄、原发肿瘤部位、住院时间等有关。根据药敏结果合理选用抗真菌药物,可有效降低真菌感染率。Objective To investigate the status of fungal infection in malignant tumor patients received radiotherapy and / or chemotherapy in a large hospital,and analyze the risk factors and the drug resistance so as to improve proper clinical utilization. Methods The specimens collected from 420 malignant tumor patients who had received radiotherapy and / or chemotherapy were cultured and detected for identification and drug susceptibility. Results A total of 105 strains of fungi were detected（ 25%）. The major infection site was respiratory tract,which counted for81. 90%. The major pathogens were Candida albicans（ 73. 33%）. The fungi had higher drug resistance rate to Azole antifungals than to others. Conclusion The malignant tumor patients received radiotherapy and / or chemotherapy were vulnerable to fungal infections,which was correlated with age,tumor categories,and hospital stays.Reasonable use antifungal agents based on the results of drug susceptibility test can help to reduce the incidence of fungal infections.

关 键 词：恶性肿瘤 放化疗 真菌 耐药性 

分 类 号：R379[医药卫生—病原生物学]